1. For the following replication fork, which strand would be leading? 5’ Top Strand Bottom Strand

2. For the following replication fork, which strand would be leading? 5’ Lagging Leading 5’ 3’ 5’ 3’

3. What functional group is found on the 3’ end of DNA?

4. OH

5. What is meant by the term 5’ to 3’ direction?

6. Nucleotides are only added to the 3’ end during DNA synthesis

7. Put the following enzymes in order for DNA replication Primase DNA Ligase Helicase DNA polymerase

8. Put the following enzymes in order for DNA replication Helicase Primase DNA polymerase DNA Ligase

9. Is an inducible operon normally off or on?

10. Inducible operons are normally off They are controlled by an active repressor protein They can be turned on by the presence of an inducer An example of an inducible operon is the Lac Operon In that case, allolactose is the inducer

11. Give an example of a repressible operon

12. The trp operon is a repressible operon Most repressible operons regulate an anabolic pathway

13. Are repressible operons normally off or on?

14. Repressible operons are normally on The repressor protein is normally inactive The repressor protein can be made active by the presence of a corepressor Tryptophan is the corepressor for the trp operon

15. Glucose levels are inversely related to?: Lactose levels Tryptophan levels RNA polymerase levels cAMP levels

16. Glucose levels are inversely related to?: cAMP levels

17. cAMP binds to?

18. CAP (catabolic activator protein

19. cAMP-CAP complex binds to?

20. The promoter Now the promoter can bind RNA polymerase This is only true for operons controlled by the glucose effect, also known as catabolite repression

21. What is meant by the term coupled transcription/translation?

22. Translation begins before transcription has been completed This only occurs in prokaryotes since they do not contain a nucleus In eukaryotes, transcription is completed in the nucleus before translation can take place in the cytoplasm

23. What type of RNA contains codons?

24. What type of RNA contain codons? Codons are found in messenger RNA They are 3 base sequences that either start translation, code for an amino acid, or stop translation

25. What type of RNA contain anticodons?

26. tRNA Anticodons complementary base pair to codons

27. What is the name of the enzyme needed for transcription?

28. RNA Polymerase

29. What is a promoter?

30. A specific DNA sequence that RNA polymerase binds to, found at the beginning of genes