1. 5-1 Darwin’s Voyage
pages

2. Darwin’s Voyage - Darwin’s Theory
Charles Darwin sailed on the Beagle, from England to the Galápagos Islands.

3. EVOLUTION

4. Map of the Galapagos Island
Link

5. species p 147
a group of similar organisms whose members can mate with one another and produce fertile offspring

6. species

7. page 148, figure 2
What difference in the environment do you think might explain the difference in color between the two species of iguanas?

8. adaptation p 149
a characteristic that helps an organism survive in its environment or reproduce

9. adaptation

10. ADAPTATIONS: Organisms in their Environment
link

11. adaptation

12. EVOLUTION
EVOLUTION

13. page 149, figure 3
What are some other ways these birds might be similar or different that you cannot observe visually?

14. Darwin's Dangerous Idea
Link

15. Darwin’s Discoveries Video

16. the gradual change in a species over time
evolution p 149
the gradual change in a species over time

17. evolution

18. a well-tested concept that explains a wide range of observations
scientific theory p 149
a well-tested concept that explains a wide range of observations

19. scientific theory

20. Great Transformations
LINK

21. natural selection p 150
the process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce than other members of the same species

22. “survival of the fittest”
natural selection p 150
“survival of the fittest”

23. natural selection

24. EVOLUTION
EVOLUTION

25. Overproduction and Variation
- Darwin’s Theory
Overproduction and Variation
Natural selection is the process by which individuals who are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce than other members of the same species.

26. Competition and Selection
- Darwin’s Theory
Competition and Selection
Variations among turtles make some of them better able to survive. Turtles that survive to become adults will be able to reproduce.

27. Relating Cause and Effect
- Darwin’s Theory
Relating Cause and Effect
In a graphic organizer, identify factors that cause natural selection.
Causes
Overproduction: More offspring are produced than can survive.
Variations: Members of the same species differ.
Competition: Offspring compete for survival.
Effect
Natural Selection
Selection: Some variations make individuals better fit for survival.
Environmental Change: Changes can affect an individual’s survival.( p 154, fig.6)
Genes: Genes that help determine survival are passed from parent to offspring.

28. natural selection

29. VIDEO: How does evolution work?
LINK

30. VIDEO: Evolution of camouflage
LINK

31. any difference between individuals of the same species
variation p 151
any difference between individuals of the same species

32. variation

33. Extinction: When Species Die
LINK

34. Theory of Evolution

35. Video: Why does evolution matter now?
Link

36. End of Section: Darwin’s Theory

37. Homologous Structures p166
- Evidence of Evolution
Homologous Structures p166
The structure of the bones in a dolphin’s flipper, a bird’s wing, and a dog’s leg is similar. Homologous bones are shown in the same color.

38. A Branching Tree - Evidence of Evolution
This branching tree shows how scientists now think that raccoons, lesser pandas, giant pandas, and bears are related.

39. Kaibab and Abert’s Squirrels
- Evidence of Evolution
Kaibab and Abert’s Squirrels
These two kinds of squirrels have been isolated from one another for a long time. Eventually this isolation may result in two different species.

40. Identifying Supporting Evidence
- Evidence of Evolution
Identifying Supporting Evidence
Evidence consists of facts that can be confirmed by testing or observation. As you read, identify the evidence that supports the theory of evolution. Write the evidence in a graphic organizer like the one below.
Evidence
Fossils show that organisms that lived in the past were very different from organisms alive today.
Theory
Patterns of early development show that some different organisms look similar during their early stages.
Evolution
Similar body structures in different species show that the organisms shared a common ancestor.

41. End of Section: Evidence of Evolution

42. How Do Fossils Form? - The Fossil Record
Most fossils form when organisms that die become buried in sediments.

43. fossil formation

44. Graphic Organizer Fossil Formation An organism dies in water.
The organism is buried under sediment.
Over millions of years, the sediments harden and become rock, and the hard parts of the organism are replaced by minerals.
The fossil becomes exposed on the surface of a rock.

45. Why no internal organs?

46. REVIEW: fossil formation

47. Earth’s History as a Clock
- The Fossil Record
Earth’s History as a Clock
Fossils found in rock layers tell the history of life on Earth. The history of life can be compared to 12 hours on a clock.

48. What is the geologic time scale?

49. Precambrian Time and the Paleozoic Era p162-163
- The Fossil Record
Precambrian Time and the Paleozoic Era p

50. Mesozoic and Cenozoic Eras
- The Fossil Record
Mesozoic and Cenozoic Eras

51. Building Vocabulary - The Fossil Record
After you read the section, write a definition of each Key Term in your own words.
Key Terms:
Examples:
punctuated equilibria
Key Terms:
Key Terms:
Examples:
radioactive element
half-life
fossil record
extinct
gradualism
Examples:
petrified fossil
Fossils that form by minerals replacing remains are called petrified fossils.
The rocks that fossils are found near contain radioactive elements, which are unstable elements that decay, or break down, into different elements.
The theory of punctuated equilibria accounts for the gaps in the fossil record.
mold
A hollow space in the sediment in the shape of an organism or part of an organism is called a mold.
The half-life of a radioactive element is the time it takes for half of the atoms in a sample to decay.
cast
A cast is a copy of the shape of the organism that made a mold.
The millions of fossils that scientists have collected are called the fossil record.
relative dating
Scientists use relative dating to determine which of two fossils is older.
A species is extinct if no members of that species are still alive.
radioactive dating
A technique called radioactive dating allows scientists to determine the actual age of fossils.
Gradualism proposes that evolution occurs slowly but steadily.

52. End of Section: The Fossil Record

53. Evolution
link

54. evolution of the elephant