1. Non-Coelomate Animals

2. Porifera Simplest metazoan Cell level of organization –Few cell types –No true tissues Feed on material suspended in water Motile as larva - sessile as adult

3. Pores Ostia –Small pores –Water inlets –Multiple ostia lead to canal system Osculum –Large pores –Water outlets –Certain forms have more than one

4. Canal Structure

5. Four Types of Sponge Cells

6. Spicules

7. Hexactinellida – Glass Sponge

8. Demospongiae Leuconoid Forms

10. Radiates Radial symmetry Tissue level organization Two germ layers –Ectoderm and endoderm Nerve net (simple nervous system) Extracellular digestion

11. Radiate Phyla CnidariaCtenophore

12. Phylum Cnidaria Two forms –Polyp –Medusa Tentacles Nematocyst

13. Polyp and Medusa Forms

14. Hydra Tissue Structure

15. Obelia Life Cycle

16. Zoantharian Coral Calcium carbonate exoskeleton secreted externally from base Contain mutualistic zooxanthallae algae Live in colonies Hexamerous symmetry

17. Medusa

18. Hydra

19. Sea Anemone

20. Soft Corals

21. Coral Polyps

22. Phylum Ctenophora Comb Jellies Move using cilia –Comb plates Do not have nematocysts –Colloblasts capture food

23. Predatory Comb Jellies Approaching Prey

24. Predatory Comb Jelly Engulfing a Comb Jelly

25. Comb Jelly After a Meal

26. Acoelomate Phyla Platyhelminthes –Flat worms Nemertea –Ribbon worms Gnathostomulida –Jaw worms

27. Why bilateral symmetry? Movement toward prey or host –Cephalization –Directional sense organs Chemoreceptors Ocelli (light sensing eyespots) Rheoreceptors (sense water currents)

28. Acoelomates Key Features Three germ layers –Ectoderm, endoderm, mesoderm –Mesoderm forms muscle and mesenchyme Organ-system level of organization –Cephalization –Excretory system –Some have circulatory and one-way alimentary canal

29. Acoelomates Body Plan

30. Phylum Platyhelminthes Examples –Planaria – freeliving –Liver Flukes – endoparasite –Tape Worms - endoparasite

31. Planaria Eye spots (Ocelli) Auricles - chemoreceptors

32. Liver Fluke – Digenetic Life Cycle

33. Liver Damage Caused By Flukes Scar tissue Blocked bile ducts

34. Tape Worm – Digenetic Life Cycle

35. Tapeworm New proglottids are added just behind the scolex

36. Pseudocoelomates Pseudocoel –Mesoderm muscle lined ectoderm Complete digestive tract Organs are within pseudocoel

37. Coelom

38. Phylum Nematoda Found everywhere Use pseudocoel as a hydrostatic skeleton –Collagen cuticle –Longitudinal muscles Free living and parasites Dioecious

39. Nematode Body Plan

40. Nematode Parasites Ascaris (roundworms) –Found in intestine and lung. Hookworms –Attach to intestine and suck blood. Trichina worm –Forms cysts in muscle –Causes trichinosis Pinworms –Males are haploid, females diploid –Live in large intestine Filarial worms –Live in lymphatic system

41. Caenorhabditis elegans Extensively using in genetic and animal development research Lineage of each cells is know and documented Whole genome is cloned and sequenced

42. Dirofilaria immitis Dog and cat heart worm Transmitted through mosquitoes Most common in dogs Infects heart and lungs

43. Brugia malayi Causes Elephantitis Swelling and blockage of lymph ducts cause massive swelling in late stages