1. Thursday September 8 COMPLETE DAILY JOURNAL

2. Columbus: Dispelling Myths Should we celebrate Columbus Day?

3. Advancements in Navigation Triangle sail improved ships ability to maneuver on ocean Astrolabe and quadrant allowed sailors to estimate their positions based on relationship to sun, moon or stars to the horizon

4. The GREATEST Invention of ALL Time The PRINTING PRESS! ▫Invented by Johannes Gutenberg Why so revolutionary? information/ideas spread quickly

5. Motives for Exploration Marco Polo travels to China and writes about his journey Travels first published in 1477 and details trade with China that could go around the SILK road

6. MORE Motives Europeans craved access to spices (pepper, cloves, cinnamon, nutmeg), silk, dyes, jewels, sugar and gold Want to AVOID Muslim middle men Spreading Christianity ▫Compatible with trade?

7. BEFORE Columbus…the Portuguese Portuguese use islands off coast of Africa as stepping stones to exploring Africa Slowly navigated around the tip of Africa Set up ports

8. 1492: A BIG YEAR Spain unites under Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile Expel Jews and Muslims: Spain now a CATHOLIC nation- Hurrah!

9. And now…Columbus Read in your textbook pg. 33-35 What does it tell you about Columbus? Where does he land? Does he sound heroic? Based on this information, should we celebrate him?

10. Columbus: Not the only one to know the world was round! Italian born in 1451 in Genoa Self-educated son of a merchant Experienced mapmaker Traveled to Gold Coast and became obsessed with gold Like most educated men, knew earth was round BUT difference was his wrong estimate of earth’s size Asked Portugal first-said NO! Ferdinand and Isabella jealous of Portugal agreed to back his plan

11. 1492 Columbus sailed the ocean blue August 3, 1492 Nina, Pinta and Santa Maria set sail Oct 12 arrives in the Bahamas (NOT THE US) Later explores Cuba, Hispaniola Believes he reached the Indies-calls inhabitants Indians

12. In Columbus’ own words.. Read his journal What does his account add to the story? What effects do his journal have on exploration?

13. 1493 In fourteen hundred ninety two, Columbus sailed the ocean blue. In fourteen hundred ninety three, He returned to make slaves of all he’d see. 17 ships, 1200 men, cannons, attack dogs, pigs (some with swine flu)…

14. Enslavement

15. Death to those who resisted…

16. Crushing the Taino… The Spanish called all tribal leaders to a meeting where they were to discuss how to peacefully settle their disputes. All gather and are led into a massive grass hut, as Spanish soldiers watch.

18. One side of the story…what about the natives? Bartolome de las Casas was Spanish monk He wrote of Spanish abuses towards the Natives Read his account How does this change the story?

19. Assignment: A correct account Create ONE singular narrative of Columbus’ arrival in the New World Be sure to use all sources: ppt, textbook, Columbus and de las Casas ▫You may use a quotation when necessary ▫Simply write “Columbus described the island as: “….” In the final paragraph, make an argument for or against the celebration of Columbus Day in America