1. Livestock Terminology
Basic Animal Industry
AFNR-BAS-9: Define major components of the animal industry and outline the development of the resulting products, services, and careers.

2. General Livestock Terminology
Adapting an animal to the needs of humans is called domestication.
Identifying desirable animals for breeding purposes is selection.
Animals whose ancestors are of only one breed are called purebred.
Mating animals of different breeds is called crossbreeding.

3. General Livestock Terminology
Removing an animal from the herd is called culling.
Mating animals that are related is known as inbreeding.
Animals that are not purebred are often called grade.

4. General Livestock Terminology
Cattle that do not have horns due to genetics are polled.
Characteristics that can be passed down from parent to offspring are called traits.

5. General Livestock Terminology
Taking a young animal off milk by removing it from being with its mother is called weaning.
A male animal that has had its testicles removed is known as castrated.
The mother or female parent is the dam.
The father or male parent is the sire.
Giving birth in livestock is called parturition.
The young of an animal is called its offspring.

6. Cattle Terminology bovine: scientific name for cattle
beef: meat from cattle
veal: meat from young calves

7. Cattle Terminology

8. Cattle Terminology calving: giving birth in cattle
calf: offspring of either sex
heifer: immature (young) female
bull calf (or bullock): immature (young) male
cow: adult female (has given birth)
bull: adult male (not castrated)
steer: male that has been castrated

9. Swine Terminology

10. Swine Terminology Swine Operation porcine: scientific name for pigs
pork: meat from pigs
farrowing: giving birth in pigs

11. Swine Terminology piglet: offspring of either sex
gilt: immature (young) female
shoat: immature (young) male
sow: adult female (has given birth)
boar: adult male (not castrated)
barrow: male that has been castrated

12. Horse Terminology

13. Horse Terminology Elkhorn Guest Ranch
equine: scientific name for horses
cheval: meat from horses
foaling: giving birth in horses

14. Horse Terminology foal: offspring of either sex
filly: immature (young) female
colt: immature (young) male
mare: adult female (has given birth or is over a certain age - usually 2 or 3 years)
stallion (or stud): adult male (not castrated)
gelding: male that has been castrated

15. Sheep Terminology

16. Sheep Terminology Herding Sheep ovine: scientific name for sheep
lamb: meat from sheep less than one year of age
mutton: meat from sheep over one year of age
lambing: giving birth in sheep

17. Sheep Terminology lamb: offspring of either sex
ewe lamb: immature (young) female
ram lamb: immature (young) male
ewe: adult female (has given birth)
ram: adult male (not castrated)
wether: male that has been castrated

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