1. AP Literature and Composition “It’s a ‘What can Write About?’ Wednesday!” November 4, 2009 Mr. Houghteling

2. AGENDA 1.The Gray Ball Discussion: using page 174 to further understand the symbolism. 2.Sample Literary Criticism quotes and interpretations: using these to better approach tomorrow’s essay. 3.Review for tomorrow’s essay exam.

3. Gender Criticism – page 170 “Just as the water closed peacefully over the turbulence of Chicken Little’s body, so had contentment washed over her enjoyment.”

4. Gender Criticism – page 170 Morrison suggests that Nel feels a sense of peace when she witnesses the death of Chicken Little. This quote supports the notion that Nel is especially relieved because the mystery of Chicken Little – as a man – is no longer a threat to her relationship with Sula.

5. Archetypal Criticism – page 156-157 “She had a tadpole over her eye (that was how he knew she was a friend-she had the mark of the fish he loved), and one of her braids had come undone.”

6. Archetypal Criticism – page 156-157 Through the symbol of Sula’s birthmark, we learn of Shadrack’s true feelings towards her. He does not view her as having a snake or rose (which could be potentially danger). Rather, he views her birthmark as symbolic of what the loves most: a fish. This coupled with our suspicions regarding Shadrack suggests that we – as readers – are as guilty as the town of Bottom for prematurely judging Shadrack (and potentially other characters).

7. Thesis What is the role of men in Sula? Throughout Sula, the fathers are largely absent. In one case in particular – Sula’s – this leads to her mother’s promiscuity and lack of parenting, which ultimately has a negative effect on the town of Bottom and society in general.

8. Identify a symbol and explain how Morrison uses it to suggest something about her characters. Throughout the novel, Morrison utilizes the symbol of the dress repeatedly. In doing this, Morrison suggests that all women share certain attributes as symbolized by the dress. Each dress and its color symbolizes a different part of the woman’s experience. Brown dress – domesticity (she makes its) and holds her in and binds her. Red wedding dress – the color of danger and death to symbolize the danger of marriage. Sula’s black dress with flowers – described as beautiful/city; different; foreshadows death.