1. DARK AGES & THE RENAISSANCE

2. Greek Civilization - Intellectual Development High Point Romans - Extinction of Greek Culture Potentates of the World No Encouragement of Learning/Abstract Thinking Fall of Roman Empire - Situation “Bad to Worse” Feudal States - Not Fertile Soil for Scientific Development

3. Unifying Stimulus (1000 years) = Christian Religion Abbeys, Monasteries - Intellectual Centers Main Interests - Theological Problems & Left Over Ideas After Fall of Greek Empire Religious Dictatorship - Holy Inquisition Refuge for Greek Science - Newly Born Arabian Empire ( 7 th Century ) - Engulfed All Lands South of Mediterranean Sea & Into Spain School of Science - Baghdad (800 A D ) Haroun Al-Raschid Cordoba, Spain - Arab Cultural Center

4. Arab Scholars - Carry Banner of Science While Europe Suffocates With Medieval Scholasticism Arabian Era - Algebra, Alcohol, Alkali, Amalgam, Alchemy ; Developed Algebra, Base 10 System But “When the Moor Accomplished His Task, The Moor Must Go Away” … 12 th Century Genghis Khan - Arabs - Christian Crusades Meanwhile Europe Emerges From Dark Middle Ages 784 A D Charlemagne - Sets up “Schools” Attached To All Abbeys 1100 A D University of Paris and Soon After Bologna, Oxford, Cambridge Were Founded

5. Course of Study : Trivium - Latin Grammar, Rhetoric, Logic Quadrivium - Math, Geometry, Music, Astronomy Vigilant Supervisor - The Pope Science - Aristotle's Writings