2. BRUSH STROKES

3. Absolutes a noun (a person, place, thing, or idea ) + an “-ing” verb (action word ) at the beginning of a sentence - ears drooping noun + “-ing” verb  Paws curling, back stretching, the dog yawned.  Head rising, body focused, the snake threatened the rat.

4. Appositive a noun or noun phrase (a person, place, thing, or idea) that renames the noun before it (use an article - a, an, the to be sure it is an appositive phrase) - a mixed Lab and Collie The insect, a cockroach, is crawling across the kitchen table. The insect, a large cockroach, is crawling across the kitchen table. The insect, a large cockroach with hairy legs, is crawling across the kitchen table. noun

5. Participles (participating) an - ing or -ed form of a verb (action word ) that may be followed by a phrase - foaming at the mouth  Carrying a heavy pile of books, he caught his foot on a step.  Arriving at the store, I found that it was closed.  Washing and polishing the car, Frank developed sore muscles.  Smiling, she hugged the panting dog. Verb + ing

6. Prepositional Phrase a phrase that begins with a preposition ( words that indicate location) and ends with a noun (a person, place, thing, or idea) - with her puppies preposition noun The puppy is beside the phone. The puppy is in the trashcan. The puppy is on the floor.

7. Adjectives-out-of-Order AOOO placing adjectives (a word that describes a noun or pronoun) after the noun; out-of-order - parched and hungry adjective The actor, costumed and focused, delivered a wonderful performance. The cheese pizza, hot and appetizing, left us with desire. The tiger, hungry and majestic, devoured us with his eyes.

8. Action Verbs use strong action verbs (action words) to go from passive voice to active voice - delete the “BE” verbs (am, is, are, was, were) - Use limp, skip, jump, roll, slide, glide, fall, soar, collapse, bounce, eject, scavenge, spin, rotate The creepy long snake slithered through the tall grass. The gravel road curled around the mountain. An old rancher soared through the field on his tractor.

9. Core Sentence: The puppy jumped on the pumpkin.