1. MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY ANATOMY
Galen and vesalius german anatomical socity 5000
Each part same
Latin
Short n simple
Releted term shall be similar
Adjective shalle be arrange as oppiste
Al Ma`arefa College

2. Objectives:
Describe the anatomical position of the body and discuss its significance in the science of medicine
Describe anatomical planes of body
Explain why directional terms are relative and must be used in reference to body structures or a body in anatomical position.
Explain how anatomical terms are derived

3. ANATOMIC TERMINOLOGY ANATOMICAL POSITION ANATOMICAL PLANES
ANATOMICAL ADJECTIVES
ANATOMICAL MOVEMENTS

4. ANATOMIC POSITION
All structures are described and named with reference to the anatomical position.
In the anatomical position, the body is
Standing erect
The eyes look straight to the front
Face and palms of the hands directed forwards
The upper limbs hang by the sides of trunk
The lower limbs are parallel with the feet together and the toes pointing forwards

6. ANATOMIC PLANES
Median Sagittal ( Midsagittal ) Plane: A vertical plane passing between the anterior midline and posterior midline, dividing the body into right & left halves.
Parasagittal ( Paramedian ) Plane: Any plane parallel to median sagittal plane

7. ANATOMIC PLANES coronal Horizontal (transverse)
vertical, perpendicular to median
Horizontal (transverse)
parallel to floor, perpendicular to median, coronal

9. ANATOMIC ADJECTIVES Are arranged as pairs of opposites
Anterior (Ventral ) & Posterior (Dorsal )
Anterior: Towards the front of the body
Posterior: Towards the back of the body
Anterior. L. ante, before,

10. ANATOMIC ADJECTIVES Are arranged as pairs of opposites
Superior( Cranial ) & Inferior (Caudal )
Superior: Towards the head
Inferior: Towards the feet
Anterior. L. ante, before,

11. ANATOMIC ADJECTIVES CONT.
Proximal & Distal
Proximal: Nearer the trunk
Distal: Away from the trunk
Median. L. medianus, in the middle., Lateral. L. lateralis (latus), pertaining to a side.

12. ANATOMIC ADJECTIVES CONT.
Medial & Lateral
Medial: Towards the midline of the body
Lateral: Away from the midline of the body
Median. L. medianus, in the middle., Lateral. L. lateralis (latus), pertaining to a side.

13. ANATOMIC ADJECTIVES CONT.
Superficial & Deep
Superficial: Nearer the surface of the body
Profundus (Deep): Away from the surface of the body
Profundus. L. profundus, deep.,

14. ANATOMIC ADJECTIVES CONT.
Central & Peripheral
Central: Towards the central axis of the body
Peripheral: Away from the central axis of the body
Profundus. L. profundus, deep.,

15. ANATOMIC ADJECTIVES CONT.
Ipsilateral & Contralateral
Ipsilateral: Of the same side
Contralateral: Of the Opposite side

16. ANATOMIC ADJECTIVES CONT.
Flexor Surface & Extensor Surface
Flexor Surface: The anterior surface in the upper limb and the posterior surface in the lower limb
Extensor surface: The posterior surface in the upper limb and the anterior surface in the lower limb

17. ANATOMIC ADJECTIVES CONT.
Palmar & Dorsal Surfaces of Hand
Palmar Surface: Anterior surface
Dorsal Surface: Posterior surface

18. ANATOMIC ADJECTIVES CONT.
Planter & Dorsal Surfaces of Foot
Planter Surface: Lower surface
Dorsal Surface: Upper surface

19. ANATOMIC ADJECTIVES CONT.
Proximal
near to trunk
Distal
Away from trunk

20. ANATOMIC ADJECTIVES CONT.
Radial
Towards the outer border of the upper limb
Ulnar
Towards inner border of upper limb

21. ANATOMIC ADJECTIVES CONT.
Tibial
Towards the inner border of the lower limb
Fibular
Towards outer border of lower limb

22. ANATOMIC MOVEMENTS Flexion & Extension
Flexion: approximation of flexor surface of the adjoining parts and thus reduces the angle of the joint.
Extension: approximation of extensor surface of the adjoining parts and thus increases the angle of the joint.
Flexor. L. flexus, bent
Extension. L. extendo, extend

23. ANATOMIC MOVEMENTS Abduction & Adduction
Abduction: Moving the part away from the body
Adduction: Moving the part towards the body
Flexor. L. flexus, bent
Extension. L. extendo, extend

24. ANATOMIC MOVEMENTS CONT.
Medial & Lateral Rotation
Medial Rotation: Inwards rotation
Lateral Rotation: Outwards rotation

25. ANATOMIC MOVEMENTS CONT.
Circumduction: Combination in sequence of the movements of flexion, extension, abduction and adduction

26. ANATOMIC MOVEMENTS CONT.
Pronation & Supination of Forearm
Pronation: Rotation of the forearm so that the palm is turned backwards
Supination: Rotation of the forearm so that the palm is turned forwards

27. ANATOMIC MOVEMENTS CONT.
Dorsiflexion & Planterflexion of Foot
Dorsiflexion: Upward flexion of the foot
Planterflexion: Downward flexion of the foot

28. ANATOMIC MOVEMENTS CONT.
Inversion and Eversion of foot
Inversion : movement of the sole of foot in which sole faces inwards or medially
Eversion: movement of the sole of foot in which sole faces outwards or laterally

29. Terms used to describing vessels
Arteries
Veins
Capillaries
Anastomosis

30. Term used for describing bony feature
Elevation
Linear elevation
Sharp elevation
Rounded or irregular elevation
Depressions
Pit, impression, fovea, fossa, groove, notch
Openings
Smooth articular surface
Facet, condyle, head, capitulum or trochlea

31. MCQ
Regarding anatomical position, which of the following statements is not correct:
The body is erect and eyes are directed forward
The upper limbs hang by the side of the body and palms face anteriorly
The body is in the fetal position
The lower limbs and feet are parallel and toes are directed forward

32. MCQ Regarding fundamental position, select the correct statement:
The body is in the fetal position
The body is erect and palms face medially
The body is erect and palms face anteriorly
The arms are extended away from the body

33. MCQ
The sectional plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions is:
Transverse plane
Sagittal plane
Coronal plane
Oblique plane

34. MCQ Which of the following is not a fundamental plane: Coronal
Transverse
Vertical
Midsaggital

35. MCQ Select the correct statement:
In the supine position the person lies on the back with face directed upwards
In the prone position the person lies on his back with face directed upwards
In prone position the person lies on his belly with face directed to the left side
In the supine position the person lies on the back with face directed to the right side

36. MCQ Regarding Lithotomy position all are correct except:
Person lies supine with buttocks at the edge of the table
Person lies prone with buttocks at the edge of the table
Person’s hips and knees are semiflexed
Person’s thigs are abducted and feet are in strapped position

37. MCQ
Regarding movement of hand and feet, which of the following statement is not correct:
In supination the palm faces anteriorly
In pronation the palm faces posteriorly
In inversion the sole faces outwards
In eversion the sole faces outwards

38. MCQ
Regarding movement at a joint, which of the following statement is not correct:
Flexion approximate the flexor surface of the adjoining parts
Extension approximate the extensor surface of the adjoining parts
In abduction limb moves close to the body
In abduction limb moves towards the body

39. THANKS