1. Which portion of the temporal bone houses the vestibular labyrinth? a)Squamosa b)Mastoid c)Petrous d)Tympanic C) The vestibular labyrinth is housed in a portion of the otic capsule in the petrous portion of the temporal bone.

2. The horizontal SCC lies parallel to: a)zygoma b)line connecting the lobule to the lateral brow c)line connecting the tragus to the nasal tip d)line connecting the eac to the lateral canthus D) The horizontal canals lie parallel to the line between the external auditory canal and the outer canthus of the eye, which is inclined 30-degrees above the horizontal axis plane.

3. Which SCC enters the vestibule with an unpaired unampulated end? a)Lateral b)Posterior c)Superior d)Inferior A) The nonampulated ends of the posterior and superior SCC join to form the common crus and enter the vestibule posteromedially.

4. You press the gas in your car, which structure is signals the position change? a)Lateral SCC b)Superior SCC c)Utricle d)Saccule C) The saccule is perpendicular to the utricle. The sensitivity of the translational acceleration is greatest in the plane of the macula. Thus, the utricular macula is sensitive in the horizontal plane, and the saccular macula is sensitive in the sagittal plane.

5. Kinocilium distinguishes a vestibular hair cell from a cochlear hair cell. Which of the following statements is true? a)Stereocilia may or may not accompany kinocilia. b)Hair cell activity changes based on kinocilia displacement. c)Displacement in the direction of kinocilia causes excitation of the hair cell. d)Neighboring hair cell kinocilia arrangement varies, improving the sensitivity of the end organ. C) Figure 130.6

6. These cells are thought to produce the ionic composition of endolymph: a)Dark Cells b)Pigmented Cells c)Chalice Hair Cells d)Deiters’ Cells A) These dark cells are located directly above the pigmented cells and are thought to produce the ionic composition of the endolymph.

7. After 2 minutes of spinning at a consistent speed, the sensation is best described as: a)Persistent dizziness due to persistent cupula deflection b)No dizziness due to no cupula deflection c)Persistent dizziness due to persistent macula deflection d)No dizziness due to no macula deflection B) At 0 Hz, which corresponds to constant-velocity rotation, the torsion-pendulum model predicts there will be no response [of the cupula] at all.

8. The crystals of the otolith organs are composed of what? a)Calcium Phosphate b)Calcium Oxalate c)Calcium Carbonate d)Uric Acid C) The mass is composed of calcium carbonate crystals known as otoconia

9. The striola runs the length of the mucula. Why is it important? a)Due to its large efferent innervation, it is important for central feedback. b)Due to its midline position, it is important for sensing magnitude. c)Due to mainly being composed of type I hair cells, it is important for sensation of slight movements. d)It is not more important than the rest of the surrounding macula. B) It is from an array of these hair cells that the brain can estimate the magnitude and direction of linear acceleration… the orientation of the hair cells on either side of the striola is roughly 180 degrees out of phase.

10. Tilt-translational ambiguity describes the sensation in which airplane pilots: a)Feel like they are heavier during descent. b)Feel like they are leaning to one side during take-off. c)Feel like they are accelerating when turning. d)Feel like they are reclining when accelerating. D) Fighter pilots taking off from an aircraft carrier deck at NIGHT will feel as if they are tilted backwards during forward acceleration. The natural correction for this feeling is to steer the plane downward, which could result in disaster.

11. Which one is NOT a type of vestibular afferent? a)Calyx b)Scarpa c)Bouton d)Dimorphic B) Based on the anatomy of peripheral termination, there are three distinct vestibular afferent types: calyx, dimorphic, and bouton.

12. Vestibular afferent neurons have their cell bodies where? a)Within the otic capsule b)Within the IAC c)Within the Brainstem d)Afferents do not have cell bodies B) Vestibular afferents are bipolar neurons that have cell bodies in the inferior and superior scarpa ganglion (Figure 130.11)

13. The inferior vestibular nerve sends afferents from which structure? a)Vertical SCC b)Horizontal SCC c)Saccule d)Utricle C) The inferior division includes neurons from the posterior (inferior) canal and saccule.

14. The process which stabilizes gaze during motion is mostly controlled by which? a)Purkinje cell projections b)Ascending tract of Deiters c)Vestibular commissural system d)Medial longitudinal fasciculus D) The dominant output of the vestinular nuclei are to the ocular motor nuclei via the medial longitudinal fasciculus (and the ascending tract of Dieters!).

15. The resident most likely to spend the rest of their lives listening to dizzy patients is? a)Ashley b)Audrey c)Bonnie d)Mia ALL OF THE ABOVE