1. Neuron/Spinal Cord Histology Brain Anatomy Ear & Eye Anatomy
Bio101
Laboratory 13
Neuron/Spinal Cord Histology Brain Anatomy Ear & Eye Anatomy
30 min, 13 slides

2. Brain, Cranial Nerves, and Spinal Cord
Objectives for today’s lab
Become familiar with the gross anatomy of the brain and spinal cord
Become familiar with the histology of nerve tissue and the spinal cord
Become familiar with the gross anatomy of the ear and the eye (Remember: you are responsible ONLY for the structures listed in your Laboratory Guide – please see Addendum and revised Study Guide )

3. Nervous Tissue (slide # 1525)
Major characteristics
Mononucleated (usually central)
Many cytoplasmic extensions
Usually surrounded by small, glial cells (supporting cells)
Major Functions
Transmission of nerve impulses
Sensory reception

4. Nervous Tissue

5. Overview of the Nervous System

6. Parts of the Brain * * * * * * * * * * DIAGRAM TO KNOW FOR EXAM
Average male brain ≈ 1,600g, average female brain ≈ 1,450g
Figure from: Saladin, Anatomy & Physiology, McGraw Hill, 2007

7. Relationship of the Brain and Skull

8. Brain – Superior View * * *

9. Brain – Anterior View * * * * * *

10. Brain – Posterior View * * * *
Transverse fissure *

11. Brain * * * * * * *

12. Ventricles of the Brain
Ventricles make and circulate cerebrospinal fluid, CSF

13. Brain

14. The Brain * * * * * * * * * * * Arbor vitae (Cerebral)
DIAGRAM TO KNOW FOR EXAM

15. Brain – Coronal Section
Figure from: Anatomy & Physiology Revealed, McGraw Hill, 2007

16. Histology of Cerebral Cortex
Gray Matter (Cortex)
Gyrus
Sulcus
2 - 4 mm
White Matter

17. The Brain * * * * * * * *
Inferior View

18. Cranial Nerves (CN or N)* * * * * * *
DIAGRAM TO KNOW FOR EXAM

19. Cranial Nerves * * * * * * *

20. Spinal Cord

21. Spinal Cord Posterior * * * * * Anterior DIAGRAM TO KNOW FOR EXAM
(“funiculus” = column) * * * *
Anterior
DIAGRAM TO KNOW FOR EXAM

22. Spinal Cord * * * * * Gray matter Central canal
Posterior horn (axons of sensory neurons)
Lateral horn *
Anterior horn (cell bodies of motor neurons) *
White matter
Anterior median fissure
DIAGRAM TO KNOW FOR EXAM

23. The Ear * * * * * * * *
DIAGRAM TO KNOW FOR EXAM * *

24. The Middle Ear * * * * * * DIAGRAM TO KNOW FOR EXAM (Hammer) (Anvil)
(Stirrup) * *
DIAGRAM TO KNOW FOR EXAM

25. The Inner Ear * * *
DIAGRAM TO KNOW FOR EXAM

26. The External Eye

27. The External Eye * * *

28. The Extrinsic Muscles of the Eye
DIAGRAM TO KNOW FOR EXAM
Be able to identify all the extrinsic eye muscles shown;
Note the position and insertion of the tendon of the superior oblique
Right eye, lateral view

29. Internal Structure of the Eye
Transverse section through right eye * * * * * * * * * *
DIAGRAM TO KNOW FOR EXAM

30. Structure of the Eye * * * * * * * * * *

31. The Retina as Seen Though the Pupil
“Cotton Wool” spots
Normal

32. What You Need to Know for Lab Exam 3
SEE THE REVISED STUDY GUIDE FOR LAB EXAM 3
1. Muscle Histology
Identify the type of muscle shown in a photomicrograph.
List the characteristics for each type of muscle that enabled you to make the identification in a above.
State where each type of muscle is found in the body (see Figure 6.7, a-c, in Marieb's Lab Manual for complete info and photomicrographs).
Identify unique structures in the photomicrographs, e.g., striations, intercalated disks, nuclei, etc.
2. Skeletal Muscle Gross Anatomy - Be able to identify and name the human and/or cat skeletal muscles listed in your Laboratory Study Guide when given:
a) A photograph/illustration of human muscles n Figures 15.2 and 15.3 in Marieb’s Laboratory Manual
b) A dissected cat or photograph of a dissected cat

33. What You Need to Know for Lab Exam 3
3. Human Brain Models and Sheep Brains
Be able to identify and name the structures listed in your Lab Study Guide using the human brain models or photographs of the human brains (from designated slides in Lab 13)
Be able to identify and state the number and name of four of the twelve cranial nerves: I, II, III, and V on the human brain models/photographs. (See designated slide in Lab 13.)
4. Spinal Cord Models
Label parts of a spinal cord given either a silver stained micrograph, an illustration of the spinal cord, or a spinal cord model (use the two slides given here and learn those)
Be able to name the horns (ventral, dorsal, lateral) of the spinal cord and the TYPES of cells found in each horn (motor vs. sensory), given either a model of the spinal cord or a microscope slide. (use the same two slides designated in lab)
5. Eye/Ear
Label diagrams of the Eye and Ear from the slides designated for Lab 13 (be sure to know both the common and Latin names for middle ear bones)

34. Sheep Brain
???

35. Sheep Brain

36. Sheep Brain
Photo from: web.baypath.edu/.../sheep%20brain/brains-v.jpg
1. olfactory bulb 11. mammilary body 2. olfactory tract 13. trigeminal nerve 6. optic chiasma14. pons 7. optic nerve 15. trochlear nerve 8. optic tract1 6. abducens nerve 10. opening where the infundibulum attaches 18. spinal cord. 20. medulla oblongata 21
1. olfactory bulb 10. opening where the infundibulum attaches 2. olfactory tract 11. mammilary body 15. trochlear nerve medulla oblongata 6. optic chiasma 13. trigeminal nerve 16. abducens nerve oculomotor nerve 7. optic nerve 14. pons 18. spinal cord 8. optic tract

37. Sheep Brain
Photo from: 13 1 12 7 5 11 8 2 9 10 3 6 4
1. Corpus callosum 5. Pineal gland (body) Fourth ventricle Lateral ventricle 2. Thalamus 6. Mammillary Body Brain stem 3. Hypothalamus 7. Superior colliculus Arbor vitae (white matter) 4. Optic chiasm 8. Inferior colliculus Cerebellar gray matter

38. Sheep Brain – Sagittal Section
Photo from: web.baypath.edu/.../sheep%20brain/brains-v.jpg
1. lateral ventricle arbor vitae mammillary body 2. fornix cerebellar cortex (grey matter) hypothalamus 3. corpus callosum medulla oblongata thalamus pineal body fourth venticle optic chiasma 5. superior colliculus cerebral aqueduct olfactory bulb inferior colliculus pons 7. transverse fissure pituitary gland