1. The Evolution of International Society

2. Introduction International Society
Any association of distinct political communities which accept some common value, rules, and institutions
Originally coined to refer to relations among European stats, the term now apply any relationship among state
Usually dominated by a “Great Power”

3. Regional International Systems
International Societies first developed in the Ancient world when the first organized human communities developed
Greece
Separate City-State
Distinct political units
System of Arbitration to settle disputes
Cultural Unity
Supranational Authority
Persian War
Developed Treaties for protection
Melian Dialogue
Peloponnesian War
Athens to Melos
“Let’s not waste time with fine words which nobody will believe. You know as well as we do that the question of justice hardly ever comes into human affairs. The truth is that the powerful take what they can and the weak grant what they must”
Demonstrates Ultra-Realist View of World Order

4. Continue India China Rome Religion Confucianism Imperialist
Supranational Authority
Just War
Dharma and Karma
China
Confucianism
Imperial China
Mongolia, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, etc..
Cultural Center of the World
Rome
Imperialist
Law of Nations
Spread Roman Culture

5. Multi-Regional International System
Ancient world provided regional international system, with the major religions we see multi-regional systems being formed
Vatican
Rome fell and catholic church took its place
Supranational Authority
Unifying Element of Europe
Moral and Ethnic Unity
Cannon Law – Legal Order
Priesthood – International Bureaucracy

6. Continued
Islam
Faith spread from Middle East to Africa, Europe, and Asia
Creates Umma (Community of followers) in new lands
The Great Schism
Sunni and Shia
Who is Caliphate (leader)
Islamic Theory
Dar Al-Harb – The adobe of War
Dar Al-Islam – The adobe of Islam
Constant conflict until Dar Al-Islam Wins
Jihad – Struggle by heart, words, hand, and sword
Peace between the two Adobes required treaties

7. World International System
Three key developments
Development of larger more powerful states
Protestant Reformation diminished catholic churches power
Discovery of the New World and birth of colonization
The world was drawn into European conflicts
Decolonization established European style states in eastern society
Modern Diplomacy Developed
Resident Ambassadors
Diplomatic Immunity

8. 30 Years War and Westphalia
Thirty Years War
Europe’s last religious war
Conflict over legitimate authority between states and religion
Peace of Westphalia (1648)
Ended 30 years war
Key event in development Modern IS
Placed states in higher authority then Church
Territoriality
Sovereignty
Autonomy
Treaty of Utrecht
Ended War for Spanish Succession ( )
Established Balance of Power as the best protection of peace among nations

9. French and American Revolutions
Profound Consequences for international society
Sovereignty was invest in Nation (People), not Rulers (Kings)
Birth of Modern Democracy
National Self-Determination
Established “Concert of Europe”
Power Club of Europe’s Main Powers that dictated military and economic power
Settled matters of important/mutual interest
Diplomatic Development greatly increased
Congress of Berlin
Legitimized domination of Asia and Africa

10. WWI and League of Nations
Ended Concert of Europe
Smaller States broke free of powerful states influence
Gave rise to non-European Super powers
Japan US
League of Nations
First organization of the International Society
Emphasized Collective Security rather then Balance of Power
Membership was world wide, not just Europe but represented European style

11. Continue League of Nations
First organization of the International Society
Highly Organized
Emphasized Collective Security rather then Balance of Power
Membership was world wide, not just Europe but represented European style of power

12. Globalization of IS Treaty of Versailles
Created instability, not peace
Directly caused WWII
US Senate would not ratify
United Nations born out of WWII
US Promoted
Did not want to repeat United Nations Mistake
Cold War born out of WWII
US v. USSR
Entire World belonged to one of the two camps