2. Today’s Agenda 1. Discuss THEME of “from Nature” 2. The Power of Darkness 3. “The Raven” 1. Narrative Poem 2. Sound Devices 3. Analyzing Multiple Genres OBJECTIVE: Students will be able to identify sound devices used in “The Raven” and explain the effect they have on the poem.

3. theme Nature and the divine What does the author say about it? Nature brings humanity closer to the divine. “The flowers, the animals, the mountains…had delighted the simplicity of his childhood” “Within these plantations of God, a decorum and sanctity reign, …and the guest sees not how he should tire of them in a thousand years” “In nature I become a transparent eyeball;…the currents of the Universal Being circulate through me.”

4. Theme – your turn Relationship between man and nature What does the author say about it?

5. The Power of Darkness  Not all writers of the 1800s shared Emerson and Thoreau’s optimism.  They shared the belief in imagination, but they focused on the darker side of human nature.

7. Why does Edgar Allan Poe use a raven instead of another bird as the major symbol of this poem? Why not...?

8. Describe the feelings that come to mind after reading these words: Dreary Bleak Ghost Lost Sorrow Darkness Melancholy Grave Stillness Stern

9. SINGLE EFFECT Character Incident Detail During the whole of a dull, dark, and soundless day in the autumn of the year, when the clouds hung oppressively low in the heavens, I had been passing alone, on horseback, through a singularly dreary tract of country, and at length found myself, as the shades of evening drew on, within view of the melancholy House of Usher.

10. Sound Devices  Assonance the repetition of the sound of a vowel in non- rhyming stressed syllables ○ I like to fight flies at nighttime.  Consonance The repetition of consonants or of a consonant pattern, especially at the ends. ○ He struck a streak of bad luck

11. Sound Devices  Alliteration The occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words ○ How much wood would a woodchuck chuck If a woodchuck would chuck wood  Onomatopoeia  The formation of a word from a sound associated with what is named bang, clap, mumble, drip, etc.

12. Traditional Reading  Listen as Christopher Walken reads “The Raven.”Christopher Walken

13. An Audio Interpretation  The Rock Version The Rock Version  How does this translation differ?

14. An Animated Interpretation  The Simpsons The Simpsons  How does this translation differ from the others?

15. A Graphic Novel

16. “The Raven”  What effect do the sound devices have on the story?

17. Exit Slip  How does the genre affect the overall meaning/message of the poem? Which genre do you best understand? Why?  What effect do the sound devices have on the poem? How would it be different without them?