1. Poli 103A, California Politics Bargaining with Governors - Reminder: Midterm is in two weeks, Feb. 14 th - Study guide is coming next week

2. Edmund G. “Jerry” Brown, Governor 1975-1983

3. Bargaining with Governors Formal Powers of Governors Informal Powers of Governors The Legislature vs. the Governor Budget Bargaining Everyday Oversight

4. The Formal Powers a Governor Does Have Propose a budget Gov’s budget due in early January Constitutional deadline June 15

5. The Formal Powers a Governor Does Have Thousands of Appointments Cabinet members, agency officials Judges, board members But California has a plural executive, which means that the executive branch is split into many (8) elected offices. The Lt. Governor, Treasurer, Controller, etc. do not serve the Gov.

6. The Formal Powers a Governor Does Have Executive Orders – car tax Veto powers The governor can veto any bill passed by the legislature, and it takes a 2/3 vote to override the veto. The governor can line item veto some portion of a bill, striking a clause or, more often, a dollar figure.

7. How Often Do Governors Say No? YearGovernor Chaptered Bills Vetoes Total Bills Percent Vetoed 1967Reagan1,725 831,808 4.59 1968Reagan1,474 611,535 3.97 1969Reagan1,619 781,697 4.60 1970Reagan1,628 751,703 4.40 1971Reagan1,8211541,975 7.80 1972Reagan1,4421651,607 10.27 1973Reagan1,2181071,325 8.08 1974Reagan1,5591201,679 7.15 1975Brown1,280 931,373 6.77 1976Brown1,4871271,614 7.87 1977Brown1,261 701,331 5.26 1978Brown1,432 491,481 3.31 1979Brown1,207 601,267 4.74 1980Brown1,381 641,445 4.43 1981Brown1,186 351,221 2.87 1982Brown1,644 301,674 1.79 1983Deukmejian1,3171381,455 9.48 1984Deukmejian1,7603032,063 14.69 1985Deukmejian1,6072241,831 12.23 1986Deukmejian1,5213181,839 17.29 1987Deukmejian1,5042311,735 13.31 1988Deukmejian1,6473722,019 18.42 1989Deukmejian1,4672761,743 15.83 1990Deukmejian1,7074362,143 20.35 1991Wilson1,2312591,490 17.38 1992Wilson1,3743361,710 19.65 1993Wilson1,3062291,535 14.92 1994Wilson1,2993111,610 19.32 1995Wilson 982 931,075 8.65 1996Wilson1,1711141,285 8.87 1997Wilson 9511971,148 17.16 1998Wilson1,0803511,431 24.53 1999Davis1,0252461,271 19.35 2000Davis1,0923621,454 24.91 2001Davis 9481691,117 15.13 2002Davis1,1702631,433 18.35 2003Davis 909 58 967 6.00 2004Schwarzenegger 9543111,265 24.58 2005Schwarzenegger 729232 961 24.14 2006Schwarzenegger 9102621,172 22.35

8. The Formal Powers a Governor Does Not Have Propose legislation. The governor cannot author a bill. Put an initiative on the ballot. Can’t do it. Enact a budget without reaching an agreement with the Legislature. Nope. Increase funding through a line item veto. Not happening.

9. Informal Powers of Governors The Power of Initiation. (Alan Rosenthal, Governors and Legislatures: Contending Powers ) Inaugural address and State of the State allow governors to argue for change. Executive orders can get part of a proposal done. Governors can call special sessions for particular purposes

10. Informal Powers of Governors The Power of Provision. “Any legislator who says he needs nothing from the Governor’s office is either lying or stupid.” Appointments are legislators’ patronage as well as governors’. Roads and other state projects. Social events.

11. Informal Powers of Governors The Power of Publicity Governors are almost always more popular than the Legislature This gets them on TV, etc. Ever-elusive “political capital”

12. The Legislature vs. the Governor: Budget Bargaining After the governor proposes a budget, the Legislature does whatever it wants. Senate and Assembly both hold subcommittee hearings, Budget Committee hearings, and pass bills. Then the real bargaining begins. The budget needs to pass with a 2/3 majority, giving minority party a voice.

13. The Legislature vs. the Governor: Budget Bargaining “The Big Five” often negotiate the real budget deal: The Governor: Arnold Schwarzenegger Assembly Speaker: Fabian Nunez Assembly Minority Leader: Kevin McCarthy Senate President Pro Tempore: John Burton Senate Minority Leader: Jim Brulte

14. The Legislature vs. the Governor: Budget Bargaining

15. The Legislature vs. the Governor: Everyday Oversight Types of Oversight Activity: Oversight hearings in the interim between sessions. Audits performed by the Joint Legislative Audit Committee and the Bureau of State Audits. Senate approval of appointments. Informal communication between legislative and executive staff.

16. The Legislature vs. the Governor: Everyday Oversight

17. Discussion Questions John Jacobs and A.G. Block contrast four governors’ styles. Can these styles help to explain their power? Do you think that the tax shares paid by different income quintiles in California (Decker, p.23) are fair? What about the Big Five (Johnston, pp. 10-11).