1. BELLWORK 1.Which member countries left the League in the 1930’s? Why? 2.Why did disarmament fail? List two reasons! 3.How did the Abyssinian Crisis show the failure of the League of Nations? 4.List FIVE main reasons the League of Nations failed. Then, rank them from 1 – 5 (1 is the biggest problem!) 5.THINKER: How did the Japanese invasion of Manchuria and the Italian invasion of Abyssinia effect Hitler and his desire to expand?

2. Failure of Disarmament

6. Causes of WWII in Europe Hitler’s War

7. Hitler’s Background

8. The Alter Hof in Munich: Adolf Hitler (1914)

9. Hitler in WWI; 1915

10. Rise of Hitler By 1923, Hitler was the leader of the Nazi Party. When the Depression struck Germany in 1929, the government could not help the 6 million unemployed workers. Hitler took advantage of the discontent to appeal to the German people. He promised to rebuild Germany’s economy if they brought him to power. Mein Kampf: Hitler’s autobiography which showed his political beliefs (“my struggle”)

11. Munich (Beer Hall) Putsch; 1923

14. Nazi Party Election Results DateVotes%Seats in ReichstagBackground May 19241,918,3006.532 Hitler in prison Dec 1924907,3003.014 Hitler is released from prison May 1928810,1002.612 Sept 19306,409,60018.3107 After the financial crisis July 193213,745,80037.4230 After Hitler was candidate for presidency November 1932 11,737,00033.1196 March 193317,277,00043.9288 During Hitler's term as Chancellor of Germany

15. Why did people support Hitler? Promised to get Germany out of the Depression and restore hope. Used the Jews as scapegoats, blaming all problems on them. Tear up the Treaty of Versailles to make Germany great again! Farmers – higher prices for their produce Unemployed – Jobs building public projects Middle Class – restore profits of small businesses and savings

17. Hitler in Power January 1933: Named Chancellor of Germany February 1933: persuaded German president (Paul von Hindenburg) to suspend civil rights March 1933: using threats, he gained the power to make laws without government consent June 1934: demanded military swear allegiance to him August 1934: Hindenburg dies, Hitler abolishes title of President & declares himself the Führer, or supreme leader Hitler is now the totalitarian dictator of Germany Nuremburg Laws (1935): defined German races

19. Hindenburg’s Funeral

22. Time Magazine’s “Man of the Year” - 1939

23. Hitler’s Aggression After rebuilding Germany’s army, Hitler sent troops into the Rhineland. In 1936, Hitler formed an alliance with Italian dictator, Benito Mussolini. This alliance created the Axis Powers.

27. Video: Over the Edge To learn more about Hitler’s aggression in Europe leading to WWII, we are going to watch the episode “Over the Edge” from the series The Century: America’s Time. As you watch, continue with notes/timeline on Hitler’s expansion. We will stop throughout the movie to discuss key events!

28. Hitler’s Aggression In March 1938, Hitler proclaimed that Austria was part of Germany Sent troops into Austria to make it official In September 1938, Hitler occupied the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia. The Sudetenland had a large German population and Hitler justified his actions by saying: “I was satisfying the wish of all Germans living there to become part of Germany”

31. Appeasement Munich Conference: Britain and France agree to allow Hitler’s control of the Sudetenland if he promised to stay out of the rest of Czechoslovakia. Eagar to avoid another war, the leaders of Great Britain and France adopted a policy of appeasement. Appeasement: giving in to the demands of a nation in the hope of maintaining peace.

36. Hitler’s Aggression 5 ½ months after the Munich Conference, Hitler broke his promise and invaded Czechoslovakia. STOP VIDEO DAY 1 HERE!!!! In August 1939, Hitler signed the German-Soviet Non- Aggression Pact: neither country would attack the other. They secretly agreed to divide Poland (Germany had short- term agreement w/Poland) By securing his eastern border against Soviet attack, Hitler could focus on the rest of Europe. Could use Poland as a launch pad for an invasion of the USSR

39. Start of WWII On September 1, 1939, Germany invaded Poland. Used blitzkrieg: “lightening war” – attack combining air and land forces. Great Britain and France promised to defend Poland so they declared war on Germany. Allies: Great Britain and France

43. Hitler Crushes Europe In April 1940, Hitler used his powerful fighting tactics to capture Denmark, Norway, Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg. France was surrounded, but protected themselves using the Maginot Line. Maginot Line: armed steel concrete bunkers built after WWI, stretching across the German border. In May 1940, Hitler sent troops around the line. France surrendered and sent their citizens to Britain.

46. German expansion by 1942

47. Lend-Lease Act Prime Minister Churchill confessed to FDR that Britain was nearly bankrupt and needed more American equipment. FDR provided war supplies to Britain without any payment in return. Lend-Lease Act: The President could aid any nation whose defense was vital to U.S. security. After Germany attacked the Soviet Union, FDR extended the Lend-Lease Act to the Soviets. By the end of WWII, the U.S. had loaned or given away $49 billion of aid to over 40 nations.

51. Battle of Britain After Germany’s victories in Eastern Europe & France, there was only one major power left in western Europe to fight. Great Britain. Germany made plans to invade Great Britain. However, Great Britain’s Royal Air Force engaged German forces in defense of the nation. Battle of Britain- largest air assault in history. German air force bombed British cities & industrial centers. Yet, could not force a surrender. Great Britain held their ground until help came from U.S.