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Simple Machines
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Simple machine- a device that does work with only one movement.
-Machines make work easier by changing the force you exert in size, direction or both. -Simple machines try to move something that resists being moved. (Ex: friction or gravity)
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There are 6 types of simple machines
There are 6 types of simple machines. All are variations of lever or inclined plane. Lever Inclined plane 1. Lever 4. Inclined plane 2. Pulley 5. Screw 3. Wheel and 6. Wedge axle
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Lever- a bar that is free to pivot or turn about a fixed point.
- Fulcrum- fixed point of a lever Effort arm- part of the lever where the effort force is applied Resistance arm- part of the lever where there is resistance
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There are different types of levers.
-1st class Effort ▲ Resist Ex: seesaw scissors pliers
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-2nd class Effort Resist ▲
Ex: Stapler Wheelbarrow Nail clippers
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-3rd class Resist Effort ▲
Ex: Tweezers Swinging a bat Fishing rod
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2. Pulley- a grooved wheel with rope running along the groove.
There are 3 types of pulleys Fixed- the pulley is stationary Movable- the pulley can move Block and tackle- Fixed and movable put together
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-Fixed -Movable -Block &
Pulley Pulley Tackle Pulley
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3. Wheel and axle- 2 wheels of different sizes that rotate together.
Always travel in a circle. Effort force is applied to the larger wheel while the smaller wheel (axle) exerts the resistance force.
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Example of a wheel and axle
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4. Inclined plane- a sloping surface used to raise objects.
Ex: a ramp. Using a ramp, you cover more distance but exerts less force.
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Screw- an inclined plane wrapped in a spiral.
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6. Wedge- an inclined plane with 1 or 2 sloping sides.
-Wedges are moving inclined planes. Ex: Knife or ax blade.
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