1. Carolingian and Ottonian Warfare

2. Equestrian statue and coin of Charlemagne

3. Carolingian Empire

4. From Nicholas Hooper & Matthew Bennett, Cambridge Illustrated History
From Nicholas Hooper & Matthew Bennett, Cambridge Illustrated History. Warfare: The Middle Ages Cambridge U. Press, 1996

5. Carolingian Cavalry and Siege Warfare from the St
Carolingian Cavalry and Siege Warfare from the St. Gall ‘Golden Psalter’ St. Gallen: Stiftsbibliothek, Cod. Sang. 22 (Soissons/St. Gallen 883–900 CE)

6. Carolingian or Late Antique cavalry and foot soldiers
Carolingian or Late Antique cavalry and foot soldiers? Stuttgart Psalter, 820X830: based on 6th-century models

7. Carolingian warfare from the Utrecht Psalter (Utrecht, Universiteitsbibliotheek, MS Bibl. Rhenotraiectinae I Nr 32, 816x835 CE)

8. Carolingian cavalry

9. Carolingian Renaissance

11. Charles the Bald (grandson of Charlemagne, reigned as King of West Francia ; emperor ) Count Vivian presentation Bible /Psalter of Charles the bald

12. Danevirke: earthwork built by order of King Godefrid of Denmark in 808 to defend border against Charlemagne. The Danevirke is about 30 km long overall, with a height varying between 3.6 and 6 m. During the Middle Ages, the structure was reinforced with palisades and masonry walls. In the same year Charlemagne ordered fortresses to be built at the mouths of navigable rivers along his North Sea coast, complemented by a beacon-warning system

13. From Nicholas Hooper & Matthew Bennett, Cambridge Illustrated History
From Nicholas Hooper & Matthew Bennett, Cambridge Illustrated History. Warfare: The Middle Ages Cambridge U. Press, 1996

14. Viking Attacks on Francia and Britain: The Great Army 879-892
From Nicholas Hooper & Matthew Bennett, Cambridge Illustrated History. Warfare: The Middle Ages Cambridge U. Press, 1996

15. Charles the Bald (grandson of Charlemagne, reigned as King of West Francia ; emperor ) Count Vivian presentation Bible

16. Fortified Bridges of Charles the Bald

17. From Nicholas Hooper & Matthew Bennett, Cambridge Illustrated History
From Nicholas Hooper & Matthew Bennett, Cambridge Illustrated History. Warfare: The Middle Ages Cambridge U. Press, 1996

18. Book of Maccabees from Leiden Bible (early tenth century, Bibliotheek der Rijksuniversiteit, Leiden)

19. Magyar horsemen
Ottonian horsemen
From Osprey Publ

20. From Nicholas Hooper & Matthew Bennett, Cambridge Illustrated Atlas
From Nicholas Hooper & Matthew Bennett, Cambridge Illustrated Atlas. Warfare: The Middle Ages Cambridge U. Press, 1996

21. Otto I’s “Roman Empire” 962