1. DINOSAURS

2. Introduction Dinosaur means “terrible lizard” Characteristics of dinosaurs: Very diverse Herbivores and carnivores Bipedal or quadrupedal Terrestrial Built nests and laid eggs Varied skin types including scales, armor, feathers Probably warm blooded

3. Dinosaurs Lived 230 to 65 mya during the late Triassic to early Cretaceous Periods (including Jurassic) Fossils have been found on every continent Kingdom Animalia, Phylum Chordata, Class Reptilia

4. Flora and Fuana Other animals alive at this time included: small shrew like mammals, insects, amphibians, reptiles, crocodiles, turtles, sharks, fish. Plants: conifers, cycads, ginkgos, ferns

5. Orders of Dinosaurs Saurischia and Ornithischia

6. Saurischia Saurischia: “lizard hipped” survivors evolved into birds

7. Saurischia: Therapods Therapods: Tyrannosaurus Rex and Velociraptor – bipedal, carnivorous, scales and feathers, includes modern birds

8. Saurischia: Sauropods Sauropods: long necks, herbivores, quadrupedal, very large, weak teeth – Apatasaurous, Brachiosauris

9. Ornithischia Ornithischia: “Bird hipped” (all died during extinction, no living descendents)

10. Ornithischia: Thyreophora Thyreophora: “armored dinosaurs,” plates and spikes, herbivores, early Jurassic to Cretaceous, Ankylosaurus, Stegasaurus

11. Ornithischia: Ornithopods Ornithopods: bipedal & quadrupedal, could chew, running grazers, herbivores of N. America - Iguanodon, Maiasaura

12. Ornithischia: Ceratopsians Ceratopsians: horned-face, herbivores, beaked, large quadrupeds – Triceratops, Psittacosaurs

13. Pterosaurs Are not dinosaurs Flying reptiles First flying vertebrates 220 to 65 mya Ranged in size from small to large Many had hair, did not have feathers Leathery wings

14. Marine Reptiles Not dinosaurs Plesiosaur Long necks Marine predator Air breather Mosasaur Fierce aquatic predators Breathed air Relatives of snakes and monitor lizards

15. Marine Reptiles Ichthyosaur Resembled dolphins Air breathers

16. Phylogenic Tree

17. What happened to the dinosaurs? Cretaceous Extinction 65 mya Mass extinction of plants and animals Comet landed in Gulf of Mexico All terrestrial (non-avian) dinosaurs died due to climate change and lack of food Mammals, amphibians, and birds survived and thrived Cold blooded reptiles survived

18. Birds evolved from dinosaurs Prior to the Cretaceous Extinction, a small, light- weight Jurassic therapod began adapting to its environment This animal survived the extinction, one early species was called Archaeopteryx