12. Alcohol drinking habits in the last 30 years: A great variability of alcohol consumption across countries, A big increase in alcohol consumption between 1960-1975, The range of drinking habits has expanded and people are more tolerant of alcohol, Increase in alcohol-related mortality and morbidity and drunken driving.

13. Needs for future research: 1. Very little information is available on some high-risk groups, 2.The clustering of potentially harmful habits such as drinking, smoking, taking pills, and malnutrition (interaction with other psychoactive sunstances), 3. Feasibility, methods of measurements, and priorities.