2. A volcano is a place (usually a mountain) where magma reaches Earth’s surface.

3. Magma Chamber Lava: Vent: Crater: Opening in the volcano Erupted magma Pit at the top of the volcano

5. Lava: Molten rock that flows or oozes onto Earth’s surface.

6. Lahars: Flows of mud, rock and water.

7. Pyroclastic flows: Hot avalanches of ash and gas.

8. Tephra: Gases and fragments of rock and lava sent high into the sky.

9. 1. Cinder cone volcano: cone-shaped with steep sides. cone-shaped with steep sides. made from explosive eruptions of small particles of rock (cinders). made from explosive eruptions of small particles of rock (cinders). a loose pile of volcanic rock fragments. a loose pile of volcanic rock fragments.

10. Examples: Paricutin in Mexico. Paricutin in Mexico. Wizard Island in Crater Lake. Wizard Island in Crater Lake.

11. 2. Shield volcano: broad, flat dome-shaped volcanoes. broad, flat dome-shaped volcanoes. built up of many slow thin layers of hardened lava. built up of many slow thin layers of hardened lava. silica-poor lava (thin & runny). silica-poor lava (thin & runny).

12. Examples: Mauna Loa and Kilauea in Hawaii - the world’s largest shield volcano is Mauna Loa (10.5 miles high). Mauna Loa and Kilauea in Hawaii - the world’s largest shield volcano is Mauna Loa (10.5 miles high).

13. 3. Composite volcano: usually cone-shaped. usually cone-shaped. built up of layers of hardened lava and rock fragments. built up of layers of hardened lava and rock fragments. silica-rich lava (thick & pasty) silica-rich lava (thick & pasty)

14. Examples: Mt. St. Helens Mt. St. Helens Mt. Rainier Mt. Rainier

15. Active volcano: A volcano which has erupted recently or might erupt soon.

16. Dormant volcano: A volcano that has been quiet for a long time, but still has signs it may erupt again.

17. Extinct volcano: A volcano that has not erupted for thousands of years and cannot erupt again.

18. Read section 8.2 [page 262 or 86B] and record additional notes to your foldable. Use your foldable on tomorrow’s quiz.