1. Volcano Notes
Chapter 18

2. Vocabulary
Hot Spot-Hot region of Earth’s mantle where-high temperature mantle material rise towards the surface. Hawaii
Caldera- a large depression at
the top of the volcano.
Pyroclastic Flow- gas, extreme
heat and fragments that erupt from a volcano. Fast
moving and
deadly!!

3. Vocabulary
AA- Jagged and sharp cooled lava from Hawaiian shield volcanoes.
Pahoehoe- Lava that forms a ropy texture when cooled. Also, from a Hawaiian shield volcano.
Tephra- Rock fragments thrown up into the air during an eruption.

4. Vocabulary Fissure-long crack is
Lahar- A landslide or mudflow of volcanic fragments on the flanks of a volcano

5. Composite/Stratovolcano
Magma Type- Felsic
Shape- Alternating layers of lava and pyroclastic flows. Steep
Eruption Type- Explosive
Examples- Mt. Pinatubo , Mt. Vesuvius, Tambora, Krakatoa, and Mt. St. Helens.

6. Mt. Vesuvius
Mt. St. Helens
Pinatubo

7. Shield Volcanoes Magma Type- Mafic
Shape- Broad based with gentle slopes
Eruption Type- Quiet/Calm
Examples- Kilauea and Mauna Loa

8. Mauna Loa
Kilauea

9. Cinder Cone Volcano Magma Type- Felsic Shape- Steep Slopes
Eruption Type- Explosive
Examples- Paricutin

11. Supervolcanoes Magma Type- Felsic
Shape- Caldera- typically underground
Eruption Type- Very explosive
Examples- Yellowstone and Toba

12. Yellowstone
Toba