1. Objectives
Define and draw lines of symmetry
Define and draw dilations

2. Symmetry defined
A figure has symmetry if there is a transformation such that the preimage and image coincide
Reflectional symmetry
Rotational symmetry

3. Reflectional symmetry
If there is a reflection that maps a figure onto itself, the figure has reflectional symmetry or line symmetry
The figure may have one or more lines of symmetry, which divide the figure into two congruent halves

4. Rotational symmetry
If there is a rotation of 180° or less that maps the figure onto itself, then the figure has rotational symmetry
If the figure has 180° rotational symmetry, the figure has point symmetry
Angle of rotation – how many degrees to rotate before figure is mapped onto itself

5. Angle of rotation
Angle of rotation – smallest angle to rotate before figure is mapped onto itself
4 turns for one revolution
360° / 4 = 90°
3 turns for one revolution
360° / 3 = 120°

6. Dilation activity
1. Plot and connect the following points on graph paper
A(-4, -4), B( -2, 6), C(4, 4)
2. Multiply the original coordinates by 2 and plot/connect them on graph paper.
3. Multiply the original coordinates by ½ and plot/connect them on graph paper.
4. Copy the original triangle onto patty paper.
5. Compare corresponding angles of all three triangles.
6. Compare corresponding sides of all three triangles in terms of lengths.

7. Dilation defined
A dilation is a transformation that alters the size of the figure but does not change its shape
Similarity transformation
Not an isometry

8. Enlargement, reduction
When both coordinates are multiplied by the same number (scale factor), the size may change but the shape stays the same
Enlargement – Scale factor greater than 1
Example: (x, y)  (2x, 2y)
Reduction – Scale factor between 0 and 1
Example: (x, y)  (½ x , ½ y)

9. Distortion
Multiplying each coordinate by a different number (or scale factor) – Example: horizontal stretching
(x, y)  (2x, y)
Example: vertical shrinking
(x, y)  (x, ½ y)