3. 从句一律保持陈述语序。 主语从句 同位语从句 表语从句 宾语从句

4. 注 意： 1 、当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾 语从句的谓语动词可以用所需要的任何一种时态。 2 、当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语从句的谓语 动词要用相应的过去时态，但当宾语从句叙述的内容 为客观真理时，仍然用一般现在时。 The teacher told his class that light _______ faster than sound. travels

5. 1.The radio says it _______ cloudy tomorrow. (be) 2.The headmaster hopes everything ______ well. (go) 3.Tom says that they _________ (play) basketball at six o’clock yesterday evening. 4.I hear they __________ (return) it already. 5.He said that they _________ members of the Party since 1948. (be) will be goes were playing have returned had been

6. 6. I didn’t know what time he _______ the letter. (write) 7. Could you tell me who _________ away the book already? (take) 8. Ling Feng told me he _________ to the Great Wall several times. (be) wrote has taken had been

7. 2. 宾语从句：从句在句中充当宾语成分（ 可以作谓语 动词、介词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语） 连词： that, whether ， if （ that 常可省略） who, what, which, whoever, whatever, when where why how 1). They know that the habit will kill them. 2).It all depends on whether they will support us. 3) He asked how much I paid for the violin. 4).He made it clear to the public that he did an important and necessary job. 5).I find it necessary that we should do the homework.

8. 3. 表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连 系动词之后. 作用：对主语进行解释说明。 连接词： that / whether /as if /as though （ if 不引导 表语从句 ) 连接代词： who / whom / whose / which / what 连接副词： when / where / why / how / because The question is whether we can rely on him. That’s because we were in need of money at that time. He looked as if he was going to cry. That’s why I was late.

9. 1. That’s ___ the Party called on us to do. A. why B. what C. how D. that 2. The reason is ___ he is unable to operate the machine. A. because B. why C. that D. Whether 3.That is ___ they separated. A. that B. what C. which D. where 4.Jane is no longer ___ she was four years ago. A. what B. which C. that D. when

10. 注 意： 1. 在表语从句中，表 “ 是否 ” 时，只能用 “whether” 不 能用 “If” 。 2. 一般情况下， “that” 不能省。 3. It is /was because …. It is /was why…. 3. The reason (why…/for…)is /was that…. 4 The reason is because /why… that ….

11. Grammar: Subject clause

12. Can you find the following sentence in the reading passage? In this sentence, a noun clause is used as the subject. What it was to become was a mystery until the dust began to slowly combine into a ball moving around the sun.

13. Please pick out three more sentences with subject clauses from the reading passage. 1. …because it was not clear whether the solid shape was to last or not. 2. What scientists think is that the earth was different because of … 3. Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on …

14. P 64 USING STRUCTURE Do you know where we come from? How did the universe begin? Read the passage and try to understand how Stephen Hawking solved the problems?

15. 1._____ the universe is like has attracted Stephen Hawking all his life. 2._____ is clear and simple about the universe has always seemed too difficult for us to answer. 3._____ the universe exists the way it does is a major question to all those who have looked at stars like Hawking. 4._____ has developed over two thousand years of observation has to be greatly revised. 5._____ in the universe we live is not the centre, but one of the mine planets orbiting the sun, which is just one of millions of stars in our own Milky Way galaxy. What Why What where

16. 6. ______ we understand the universe is the time when we human beings will have answered all the questions. 7. ______ we can have a complete picture of the universe depends on learning to understand what we see. 8. ______ Hawking wants to tell us in this text is that we should study the universe, and understand it. When How What

17. 做主语用的名词性从句，因其在复合句中做主 语，又称主语从句，引导主语从句的有从属连 词 that, whether ， 连接代词 who, what, which ， 连接副词 when, where, how, why 等。

18. 1.___ he made an important speech at the meeting was true. A. That B. Why C. What D. How 2. ___we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A If B Whether C That D Where 3.___ is known to us all is that America is a developed country____the First World. a.Which; belong to b. As, belonged to c. What; belonging to d. It; belonging to

19. 注 意： 1.What you left are only several old books. 2.What you said is of great importance. 3.What he says and does doesn’t concern me. 4.What he says and does don’t agree. “if” 不能引导主语从句，应有 “whether” 引导。 主语从句的 “that” 一般不能省。 “ what” 引导主语从句时，谓语动词： 1 ）常与其后的名词作表语一致 2 ）根据句子的语境而定。

20. 4. It’s known to us all ___ a form of energy. A. water is B. that water is C. is water D. that water to 5. It worried her a bit ___ her hair was turning gray. A. whether B. That C. what D. when 6.What I say and think ___ none of your business. A. is B. are C. has D have

21. 2. 位置： 主语从句可以前置，也可以后置。 用 it 做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末， 常用下面几种句型。

22. It 的用法： （形式主语） It’ possible/important/necessary/clear… that … … 很可能 / 重要的是 …/ 必要的是 …/ 很清楚 … It’ said/ reported… that.. 据说 / 据报道 … It’s been announced/declared that.. 已经通知 / 宣 布 … It seems/appears/happens.. that… 显然、明显、 碰巧.. It’s no wonder that… 并不奇怪 / 无疑 … It’s a pity/a fact /a common knowledge ( 众所周知） / a common saying…. （俗话说）

23. 注意 : 1 ）主语从句在句首时，必须由连接词引 导，不能省略这些连接词；但是如果用 it 做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时， 从属连词 that 可以省略。

24. 11.There will be a special price for ____ buys things in large number here. A. who B. whom C. whoever D. Whomever 12. Mary wrote an article on ____ the team had failed to win the game. A.why B. what C. who D. that (05) 13.The poor young man is ready to accept __ help he can get. (05) A. whichever B. however C. whatever D.whenever

25. 14.Many newspaper printed the governor’s statement _____ would support a tax cut. A.and he B. was that he C which he D that he 15._____ man must fear when traveling in space is radiation from the sun. A.Which B. How C. What D. That 16.It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants. A. However B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever

26. 1. 连接词有： that whether 和 lf 2. 连接代词有： who whom whose which what 等 3. 连接副词有： when where why how 等 另外 whatever whoever whichever 等 也可 以引导主语和宾语两种从句。 名词性从句可以表示：事实和问题。 名词性从句中的 “that” 没有词义，也不作任何成分。

28. 1. Can you make sure ___ the gold rings? A. where she had put B. where had she put C. where she has put D. where has she put 2.The reason that has been such a success ___ he never gives up. A. is B. is because C. is that D. is what 3. ______ breaks the law should be punished. A Whoever b. No matter who c. anyone. d. who

29. 4. That is ___ I had to take the risk of being washed away. A. why B. reason why C. how D. what 5. Do ___ you think is right ___ difficulties you may have. A. what ;however B. that ;whatever C. whatever ; whoever D. what; whatever 6.The workers considered it important ___ the boss would agree to give them a rise. A. whether B. how C. where D. which

30. 7. Along with the letter was his promise ____ he would visit me this coming Christmas. A. which B. that C. what D. whether 8. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ___ I disagree. A. why B. where C. what D. how 9. Difficulty lies ___ we have no money. A. that B. in that C. in the fact D. in the fact that 10. I don’t think the question of ___ they are old or young is important. A. which B. whether C. how D. why

31. 11. It makes no difference ___ you will go today or tomorrow. A. if B. whether C. that D. what 12. _____ should be sent to work there? A. Who do you suggest B. Who do you suggest that should C. Do you suggest who should D. Do you suggest whom should

32. 13. The news ____ Lincoln was murdered filled the American people’s hearts with deep sorrow. A. which B. when C. that D. how 14. ____ he said at the meeting astonished everyone present. A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter 15. I don’t trust his promise ___ he will buy me a new car. A. which B. what C. when D. that

33. 16. She received the message ___ he would come by plane. A. that B. which C. what D. when 17. Energy is ___ makes things work. A. what B. something C. anything D. that 18.Our city has changed a lot,and now it is quite different from __ a few years ago. A. what it used to be B. that it used to be C.which it used to be D. what was it

34. 19. We all know the truth ___ there are air,water and sunlight,there are living things. A. wherever B. where C. that D. that wherever 20.The true value of life is not in ___, but____. A. how you get ;that you give B.which you get;what you give C.what you get ;what you give D. what do you get ;what do you give 21.___ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It