1. APAN 2003 Conference in Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003 NEBULA IPv6-based Integrated QoS Testbed Winston Seah, Dr.Eng. Programme Director, Internet Technologies winston@i2r.a-star.edu.sg * On 15 Nov '02, the merger of ICR with the Laboratories for Information Technology to form the Institute for Infocomm Research (I 2 R) was announced. The legal completion of the merger exercise is scheduled to be completed by 1 Apr 2003.

2. N EBULA Winston Seah APAN 2003 Conference in Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003 Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved Outline Objectives of the Testbed Major Components Module Interactions and Interfaces Problems and Lessons Summary

3. N EBULA Winston Seah APAN 2003 Conference in Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003 Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved Objectives To demonstrate end-to-end / peer-to-peer connectivity with mobility, quality of service and security for the future generation Internet based on IPv6. To provide a “living” testbed for integrating and testing ongoing research results (from various projects.) To address the issues and conflicts arising from integrating different technologies developed independently of one another.

4. N EBULA Winston Seah APAN 2003 Conference in Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003 Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved Major Components C ORE N ETWORK – provides QoS based on the IETF DiffServ architecture M OBILITY F RAMEWORK – Advanced Mobile Application Support Environment (AMASE) E ND S YSTEM P ROTOCOL S TACK – provides IPv6 support for Windows-based devices I MPROVED T RANSPORT P ROTOCOLS – improves performance of protocols in mobile and/or wireless environments

5. N EBULA Winston Seah APAN 2003 Conference in Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003 Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved Major Components C ORE N ETWORK – A1-Net (All-in-One Network) provides QoS based on the IETF DiffServ architecture. Edge routers do packet classification and DSCP marking while the core routers forward the packets based on the DSCP markings.

6. N EBULA Winston Seah APAN 2003 Conference in Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003 Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved Major Components M OBILITY F RAMEWORK – AMASE (Advanced Mobile Application Support Environment) middleware that enables users to roam between private and public networks hides the complexity of the underlying access technologies automatically process the policies enforced by network owners to ensure seamless roaming across networks while on the move

7. N EBULA Winston Seah APAN 2003 Conference in Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003 Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved Major Components E ND S YSTEM P ROTOCOL S TACK – PING (IPng) TCP/IPv6 stack for Windows 2000 and Windows CE * devices. Provides both mobility and security (IPSec) functionalities. Passed 85% of interoperability tests at PlugFest in Cannes, France, 2002; now at 95%. Free download of stack available from http://www.icr.a-star.edu.sg/ipv6/downloads.htm http://www.icr.a-star.edu.sg/ipv6/downloads.htm

8. N EBULA Winston Seah APAN 2003 Conference in Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003 Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved Major Components I MPROVED T RANSPORT P ROTOCOLS Improves performance of protocols in mobile and/or wireless environments Berkeley SNOOP protocol for improving TCP performance over wireless links Robust Header Compression for optimizing data transmission over wireless links To incorporate signalling compression for SIP and develop end-to-end RoHC.

9. N EBULA Winston Seah APAN 2003 Conference in Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003 Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved

10. N EBULA Winston Seah APAN 2003 Conference in Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003 Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved Major Components K EY F UNCTIONAL E NTITY – Mobility Gateway ModulesProject Bidirectional Edge TunnellingAMASE SNOOPRATTLESNAKE QoS Manager, Traffic ControllerAMASE MIPv6 Home AgentPING, AMASE DHCPv6AMASE Security ManagerAMASE AAA ServerAMASE

11. N EBULA Winston Seah APAN 2003 Conference in Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003 Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved Module Interactions B IDIRECTIONAL E DGE T UNNELLING ( BET ) and S NOOP AMASE Q O S M ANAGER and R OUTER Q O S M ANAGEMENT

12. N EBULA Winston Seah APAN 2003 Conference in Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003 Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved Module Interactions BET and S NOOP Bidirectional tunnel is placed between the old MG (Mobile Gateway), where the MN (Mobile Node) first established its current CoA (Care of Address), and a new MG to which the MN is attached TCP detects congestion through DupACKs that are returned to the sender or when the TCP timeout occurs. SNOOP reduces the number of DupACKs reaching the sender and performs local re- transmissions of lost packets before TCP times out.

13. N EBULA Winston Seah APAN 2003 Conference in Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003 Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved Module Interactions BET and S NOOP (contd) BET monitors all incoming packets: IF not tunnelled packet and dest addr in BET Binding Cache (i.e. MN has roamed but re-registration not completed yet) THEN tunnel copy to nMG and send original pkt to SNOOP IF tunnelled packet THEN BET detunnels it and passes it to SNOOP

14. N EBULA Winston Seah APAN 2003 Conference in Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003 Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved Module Interactions Router QoS with AMASE QoS Manager Core network routers use DiffServ architecture to provide different levels of forwarding services – provisioning. AMASE QoS Manager uses RSVP as the signalling protocol to request for QoS – reservation; also supports DiffServ. Interactions between edge router QoS and AMASE QoS Manager can be either static or dynamic.

15. N EBULA Winston Seah APAN 2003 Conference in Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003 Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved Module Interactions Router QoS with AMASE QoS Mgr (contd) – Static Interaction Pre-configured Service Level Agreement (SLA) in advance before any packets traverse from the AMASE network to the core network. This agreement is done by the administrators of the two networks. The administrator of the core network configures the edge routers connected to the AMASE network manually according to the SLA.

16. N EBULA Winston Seah APAN 2003 Conference in Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003 Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved Module Interactions Router QoS with AMASE QoS Mgr (contd) – Dynamic Communications Users from the AMASE network can send QoS requests to the core network at any time. Admission Control Agent in the core network will handle these requests and decide whether to accept or reject them based on its policy and the usage of its network resources. Admission Control Agent sits inside the edge router that connects to the AMASE network and the core network.

17. N EBULA Winston Seah APAN 2003 Conference in Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003 Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved Module Interactions Router QoS with AMASE QoS Mgr (contd) – Dynamic Communications A translator translates the RSVP messages into the format that the admission control agent could understand (e.g. TC in Linux) and processed by the core network QoS management.

18. N EBULA Winston Seah APAN 2003 Conference in Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003 Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved Module Interactions Router QoS with AMASE QoS Mgr (contd) – Dynamic Communications Reservation Message Flow Sequence For resource provisioning in the core network Core network resources available

19. N EBULA Winston Seah APAN 2003 Conference in Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003 Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved Module Interactions Router QoS with AMASE QoS Mgr (contd) – Dynamic Communications Reservation Message Flow Sequence For resource provisioning in the core network Core network resources NOT available

20. N EBULA Winston Seah APAN 2003 Conference in Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003 Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved Problems and Lessons Lots of work done on individual technologies that do not work when integrated together. Inconsistency between different releases of Internet Drafts, e.g. IPv6 mobility support drafts #13, #16, etc. Differences between implementations built on different OS kernels. Not new problems, but really experiencing them are good lessons for deployment.

21. N EBULA Winston Seah APAN 2003 Conference in Fukuoka, 21-24 Jan 2003 Copyright © 2003 ICR All Rights Reserved Summary We have developed a “living” IPv6 testbed for demonstrating end-to-end / peer-to- peer connectivity with mobility, quality of service and security for the future generation Internet. As technologies become stable, the testbed can be slowly integrated into the operational network for use. For more information, please see: http://www.icr.a-star.edu.sg/ipv6/projects.htm