1. Wireless Application Protocol

2. WAP- Wireless Application Protocol Gateway WAP WEB Server Content Browser HTTP IPWAP Deck WML

3. WAP browsing exchange Card1 Deck & History Browser WAP Gateway Web serverContent/ Application Dial connection Initial URL Initial deck Initial card Within deck scripting HREF HREF URL New deck New cards CardX phone WTAI Drop Dial connection

4. WAP Protocol Stack Wireless Markup Language WAP Binary XML Content Format Wireless Session Protocol (incl. HTTP1.1) Wireless Transaction Protocol Wireless Transport Layer Security Wireless Datagram Protocol (or UDP) bearers HTML HTTP TCP IP

5. Samples

6. Wireless Markup Language - WML XML based Language Emphasis, Alignment, Tables Buttons (Navigation mechanisms) Actions Variables Script Images - WBMP & local & alternate text

7. Wireless Markup Language Prologue (XML/WML version) Deck Template (defaults for cards in deck) Card… Do… Paragraphs Input

8. Sample deck <!DOCTYPE wml PUBLIC "-//WAPFORUM//DTD WML 1.1//EN" "http://www.wapforum.org/DTD/wml_1.1.xml"> --> Welcome to myWAP! In the wonderful world of WAP, there is much intro, but no content. As usual, no help is available

9. More examples Phone.com Microsoft Accept Back

10. Form processing To: Password: Send '$(pwd)' to $(email)? Failed to send to $(email).

11. Dynamic WML Same techniques as for HTML, but set content-type Detect agent type (name, supports, …) Cookies & rewriting Available buttons, e.g. back Screen size Image support

12. Gateways Identity Compilation Size restriction Speed Limit of size of the WEB accessible gateway Captive WEB wireless Compress +Security cookies

13. Browsers Phones PDAs Simulators

14. Browser consistency Buttons Cookies History Timers FILE:// Cache bugs Images Bold/italic,… WMLscript POST method WTAI Security WML compilation Proxy authentication

15. Limitations of technology Screen size, resolution, colour Input devices Bandwidth Latency Deck size

16. Future More bandwidth (3G wireless)- GPRS - General Packet Radio Service UMTS - Universal Mobile Telecom System User Agent Profiles Security Location determination Local services/always on

17. Alternative NTT DoCoMo ‘iMode’ Unwired Planet (Phone.com) - HDML

18. References http://www.wapforum.org http://developer.phone.com http://forum.nokia.com http://mobileinternet.ericsson.se http://www.developer.ericsson.com.au http://www.winwap.com http://www.microsoft.com/mobile/phones/mme http://www.nttdocomo.com citron:/home/horton/doc/WAP/WAP.ppt (these slides) http://mango/home/… (for WML content type) http://zero:81/index.wml