1. Perception

2. The process of organizing and interpreting sensory information

3. Depth Perception

4. The ability to see in three dimensions and judge distance

5. Visual Cliff A laboratory device for testing depth perception in infants and young animals Infants are reluctant to crawl past the “edge” of the visual cliff Other animals had similar results. Suggests that depth perception, to some extend, is inborn

6. Visual Cliff

7. Depth Perception: Binocular Depth Cues

8. Binocular Cues Depth cues that require the use of both eyes

9. Retinal Disparity A binocular depth cue resulting from slightly different images produced by the retina of the left and the retina of the right eye Is most effective when the item is quite close to the person

10. Binocular Depth Cues: Finger Sausage

11. Convergence A binocular depth cue related to the tension in the eye muscles when the eyes track inward to focus on objects close to the viewer The more tension in the eye muscle, the closer the object is Works best at close distances

12. Depth Perception: Monocular Depth Cues

13. Monocular Cues Depth cues that require the use of only one eye Monocular depth cues include: relative size, relative motion, interposition, relative height, texture gradient, relative clarity, and linear perspective.

14. Monocular Depth Cues – Relative Size Using the perceived size of a familiar object to determine depth The larger the object appears, the closer the object is to the viewer

15. Monocular Depth Cues – Relative Motion A person who is moving can determine depth by focusing on a distant object. Objects further away than the object of focus will appear to move in the same direction as the subject is moving. Objects closer than the object of focus will appear to move in the opposite direction.

16. Relative Motion

17. Monocular Depth Cues – Interposition Method of determining depth by noting that closer objects partially obstruct the more distant objects Also called “overlap”

18. Monocular Depth Cues – Relative Height Method of determining depth by noting that distant objects appear higher in your field of vision than do closer objects

19. Monocular Depth Cues – Texture Gradient Method of determining depth by noting that distant objects have a smoother texture than nearby objects

20. Monocular Depth Cues – Relative Clarity Method of determining depth by noting that distant objects are less clear than nearby objects Tends to work outdoors

21. Monocular Depth Cues–Linear Perspective Method of determining depth by noting that parallel lines appear to converge in the distance The lines appears to eventually merge on the horizon.

22. Illusions

23. Misinterpreting sensory stimuli Help researchers understand how sensation and perception normally works

24. Müller-Lyer Illusion

25. Most people think segment AB equals BC. In reality AB is much longer than BC.

26. Müller-Lyer Illusion

29. Ames Room Illusion

31. Ames Room Illusion: Secret Revealed

32. Stare at the center dot for 30 seconds, then close your eyes

34. Stare at the center cross for 30 seconds, then close your eyes

36. Stare at the center cross until the dots disappear

37. Stare at the center cross for 30 seconds, then look at the white box

38. Do you see both couples?

39. Count the number of black dots

40. Dragon Illusion https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2K39Q 9zvQoEhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2K39Q 9zvQoE