1. Difference between Hearing and Listening
Hearing---physical process
Listening---active mental process; attempt to make meaning of what we hear

2. 1. Hearing---electrochemical impulses are transmitted to brain
Steps of Listening
1. Hearing---electrochemical impulses are transmitted to brain
2. Attending---what we decide to focus on based on our wants/needs

3. Steps cont’d
3. Understanding---Making meaning of what is heard based on grammar and social context
4. Remembering---ability to recall information.
People remember 1/2 of what they listen to immediately and 1/4 of info from 2 months ago.

4. used when dealing with facts gather as much accurate data as possible
3 Types of Listening
1. Informational
used when dealing with facts
gather as much accurate data as possible
focus on factual details rather than criticism or judgment

5. 3 Types of Listening
2. Evaluative
purpose is evaluation and decision-making
Informational listening MUST come before this
Evaluate on basis of speaker’s credibility, use of evidence, and emotional appeal

6. 3 Types of Listening
3. Empathic
Focus on speaker’s emotions
to provide emotional support in order to help speaker solve a problem or come to terms with a situation
Intention is NOT to make decision for the speaker.

7. 7 Bad Habits (that interfere with effective listening)
1. Pseudolistening---acting like you are listening when your mind is elsewhere
2. Self-Centered---Rehearsing what you will say while speaker is speaking

8. 7 Bad Habits (that interfere with effective listening)
Selective---listen only to those parts of message that are of particular interest or immediate relevance
Fill-in---gaps left in understanding by selective listening filled by what we expect to hear

9. 7 Bad Habits (that interfere with effective listening)
Defensive---focus on ideas not even there and interpret as personal attacks when they were not intended that way
Insulated---choose not to listen to what we don’t want to hear

10. 7 Bad Habits (that interfere with effective listening
Reconstructive---take a new message and rebuild it so it’s like a previous message. (Telephone Game)