1. Tilburg University Libraries, Publishers and Licensing Practical experiences and Fundamental issues Hans Geleijnse Librarian Tilburg University The Netherlands

2. Tilburg University Libraries and the “Journals Crisis” Number of journal publications is increasing Library can only subscribe to limited number of journals ILL is necessary Constant price increases, constant cancellations

3. Tilburg University Journal Price Increases 1995-1999 and 1999 Prices (Dfl) £European Heart Journal 61,3 %1189,- Biophysical Chemistry111.4 %4704,- J. of Research in Science Teaching 71,1 %1603,- Common Market Law Review 24,8 % 1045,- Higher Education 43,0 %1024,- Astronomy and Astrophysics 49,8 %5448,- Europ.J. of Nuclear Medicine 44,0 %2051,- Renaissance Studies 38,7 % 281,- Accounts of Chemical Research 48,8 % 620,- J. of Applied Physics 39,5 %5492,- Science 29,3 % 797,-

4. Tilburg University Access of electronic information through Internet is an opportunity To provide efficient end-user access to scientific work To find more cost effective solutions for access to journals

5. Tilburg University Scholarly journals and publishers: important changes Paper distribution becomes less important Research results can be published electronically Latest research is already on the Web Libraries are getting involved in these developments

6. Tilburg University Scientific journals and publishers: what remains? Selection of information Organisation of quality control Prestige for the individual researcher

7. Tilburg University Relationship universities - publishers Academic research is usually funded by the university (public funding) Copyright on the output is being transferred to the publishers (in general for free) Universities / libraries have to buy back this output from the publishers for a great deal of money

8. Tilburg University Current relationship libraries- publishers Relationship is still very much based on traditional roles in printed environment Publishers wish to maintain their turnover: different policies to accomplish that There will be new take-overs Who will act as intermediary between libraries and these publishers? Journals’ crisis is a dead-end street for all parties involved

9. Tilburg University Electronic licensing Overview of some experiences with use of electronic journals The licensing issues The increasing importance of consortia Integration The need for a new business model

10. Tilburg University Licensing experience at Tilburg University 1994: Tilburg University entered into a site- license agreement with Elsevier Science Experience with respect to access, integration, information on use, licensing Developments are going fast since 1998: more content available

11. Tilburg University User Study: use of printed and electronic journals TU 24 - 37 % of the journals accounted for 80% of the use a high use of older volumes comparison of use of 83 economics journals: electronic versions were better used than printed versions

12. Tilburg University Use of 140 Elsevier and Kluwer journals at TU Number of downloaded articles 199719981999 (-Nov) 6,1618,12211,967

13. Tilburg University Pay per View Experiment 42 journals involved Total use January-August (Dfl. 10,-): 76 Total use September & October (For free): 258

14. Tilburg University Tilburg University (electronic journals policy) Focus on content: only what we really need Integration: seamless linking between reference database and full-text Full-text should be one click away from reference From regular budget Move to Electronic Only (2001)

15. Tilburg University Licensing No access to electronic files without a license agreement

16. Tilburg University Good reasons to set some principles Publishers thought carefully about licensing, libraries didn’t Libraries should defend their rights

17. Tilburg University Checklist and Guidelines Dutch Academic Libraries in cooperation with number of German libraries published “licensing principles” http://cwis.kub.nl/~dbi/english/license/ licprinc.htm

18. Tilburg University International Coalition of Library Consortia (ICOLC) Statement of Current Perspective and Preferred Practices (Electronic Information) Founded in March 1998 http://www.library.yale.edu/consortia/sta tement.html

19. Tilburg University Preferred Practice (I) Fair Use: unlimited viewing, downloading and printing Fair Use: Providers should allow e- information to be used to generate copies for non-commercial interlibrary loans between academic libraries Use in perpetuity No ‘non-cancellation’ clauses

20. Tilburg University Duration of license agreement 1 Year agreement: you pay a high price, but you can cancel 3 Year agreement: “lower” fixed price, but you should maintain your turnover

21. Tilburg University Preferred Practice (II) Libraries should commit to take reasonable steps to prevent misuse or abuse Walk-in-use should be included Library should be able to measure use and gather management information Anonymity of individual users and confidentiality of searches must be protected

22. Tilburg University Support for licensing principles Worldwide support: US, Canada, Europe, Australia, South Africa, China Regular ICOLC Conferences Electronic Conferences: information exchange Increasing number of consortia also in Europe ICOLC Cranfield: 10 - 11 December ‘99

23. Tilburg University Obstacles to move from print to electronic Guarantees on digital archiving Electronic should be available prior to printed editions Prices Ease of access (integration is preferred) ILL impediments

24. Tilburg University Focus on content we really need Publishers prefer to make agreements on all of their journals Libraries used to emphasise selection and collection development: confine license agreement to the content we really need

25. Tilburg University How to provide access? Non integrated access to different publishers and intermediaries One point of access to heterogeneous information from different sources (example: EC project Decomate http://www.echo.lu/libraries/en/projects/ decomat2.html)

26. Tilburg University Recommended library strategy Make core journals available electronically (through fair licenses) Don’t accept unreasonable price increases and monitor use Support electronic publishing by researchers Stimulate discussion on copyright within your own institution Fundamental discussion with publishers

27. Tilburg University Library and university initiatives and the need for a new business model Universities will stimulate electronic publishing and will make their publications available on the Internet Publishers can add value to documents available on university servers Libraries are prepared to pay for added value This will require a new business model New relationship between universities/authors/libraries and publishers will be inevitable