1. 1http://saf.met.noSAF on Ocean and Sea Ice SAF=Satellite Application Facility Distributed MSG/Metop ground segmentDistributed MSG/Metop ground segment Other SAFS: NWP, Nowcasting, Climate, Land Other SAFS: NWP, Nowcasting, Climate, Land To provide satellite derived products for use in the meteorological/oceanographic communities.To provide satellite derived products for use in the meteorological/oceanographic communities. Søren Andersen, Morten Lind Rasmus Tonboe, DMI Steinar Eastwood, Vibeke Thyness, Harald Schyberg, Lars-Anders Breivik, Øystein Godøy, Jørg Haarpainter met.no

2. 2http://saf.met.noSAF on Ocean and Sea Ice OSI SAF organisation Consortium led by Meteo-France Consortium led by Meteo-France High-latitude center led by met.no High-latitude center led by met.no 2 ice services 2 ice services Backup / complementary production scheme Backup / complementary production scheme Shared responsibility for validation Shared responsibility for validation

3. 3http://saf.met.noSAF on Ocean and Sea Ice General Objectives Satellite derived Parameters describing the interface between atmosphere and ocean Satellite derived Parameters describing the interface between atmosphere and ocean 10 km resolution, covering Atlantic Ocean 10 km resolution, covering Atlantic Ocean Quantities to be calculated: Quantities to be calculated: Ice concentration Ice concentration Ice edge Ice edge Ice type Ice type Radiative Fluxes Radiative Fluxes Sea Surface Temperature Sea Surface Temperature

4. 4http://saf.met.noSAF on Ocean and Sea Ice Sea Ice Objectives Final products Ice edge retrieved using SSM/I, scatterometer and AVHRR expressed as probability of ice infestation. Ice edge retrieved using SSM/I, scatterometer and AVHRR expressed as probability of ice infestation. Dominant ice type using SSM/I, scatterometer and AVHRR expressed as probability of ice infestation with given type of ice. Dominant ice type using SSM/I, scatterometer and AVHRR expressed as probability of ice infestation with given type of ice. Total sea ice concentration from SSM/I and possibly AVHRR. Total sea ice concentration from SSM/I and possibly AVHRR.

5. 5http://saf.met.noSAF on Ocean and Sea Ice Availability Downloaded from the HL center homepage Distributed via EUMETCAST Pushed by internet or RMDCN.

6. 6http://saf.met.noSAF on Ocean and Sea Ice Odden Jan-Feb 2004

7. 7http://saf.met.noSAF on Ocean and Sea Ice Validation Objective validation is done routinely against DMI and met.no ice analyses based on AVHRR and/or SAR data Objective validation is done routinely against DMI and met.no ice analyses based on AVHRR and/or SAR data Summer conditions are problematic Summer conditions are problematic East Greenland concentrations are consistently low East Greenland concentrations are consistently low

8. 8http://saf.met.noSAF on Ocean and Sea Ice Ongoing development Internal development Internal development Global coverage (summer 2004)* Global coverage (summer 2004)* Quikscat/Seawinds (2004)* Quikscat/Seawinds (2004)* Use of SSMIS sounding channels (2005) Use of SSMIS sounding channels (2005) Improved use of AVHRR (METOP/2007) Improved use of AVHRR (METOP/2007) ASCAT (METOP/2007) ASCAT (METOP/2007) EU funded projects EU funded projects IOMASA, improved ice conc. (2003-2006) IOMASA, improved ice conc. (2003-2006) Mersea, ASAR global mode, AMSR (Apr. 2004) Mersea, ASAR global mode, AMSR (Apr. 2004)

9. 9http://saf.met.noSAF on Ocean and Sea Ice Atmospheric correction of passive microwave obs. Uses NWP model estimates of water vapour and wind Uses NWP model estimates of water vapour and wind Operational Methods

10. 10http://saf.met.noSAF on Ocean and Sea Ice Global coverage 25 km resolution Northern and southern hemisphere products Atmospheric corrections from ECMWF global analysis/forecast

11. 11http://saf.met.noSAF on Ocean and Sea Ice Bayesian approach for ice detection: Multi sensor approach Extended to combine several satellite observed parameters into an optimal ice class analysis Estimate ice class including measure of uncertainty

12. 12http://saf.met.noSAF on Ocean and Sea Ice QuikScat Better determination of MY ice than SSM/I More details in ice edge Will be added to multi- sensor scheme in 2004 QuikScat SSM/I A priori statistics compiled from colocation with DMI ice charts Quantities used: Polarization ratio Mean horizontal backscatter Mean vertical backscatter

13. 13http://saf.met.noSAF on Ocean and Sea Ice Quikscat example Ice type 18 Febr – 4 March 2004

14. 14http://saf.met.noSAF on Ocean and Sea Ice Ice detection using AVHRR channel 3A (1.6 μm) Examples from April 2003

15. 15http://saf.met.noSAF on Ocean and Sea Ice Combinations of AVHRR channels RGB 1+2+4 T4-T5 A2/A1 A3/A1

16. 16http://saf.met.noSAF on Ocean and Sea Ice Training the system Manually picking out areas where we are certain of the surface type. Manually picking out areas where we are certain of the surface type. Creating dataset based on these areas Creating dataset based on these areas Make sure that the dataset contains different types of ice & clouds, and different sun angles. Make sure that the dataset contains different types of ice & clouds, and different sun angles. Ice Cloud RGB (1+2+4) Channel A3/A1

17. 17http://saf.met.noSAF on Ocean and Sea Ice Cloud Sea Ice Channel A2 / Channel A1 Channel A3 / Channel A1 Ice/Cloud/Sea separability Results for April 2003

18. 18http://saf.met.noSAF on Ocean and Sea Ice Further plans Analyze one full year of AVHRR passages over North Atlantic / Arctic Analyze one full year of AVHRR passages over North Atlantic / Arctic Create PDF’s for the different surface signatures Create PDF’s for the different surface signatures Include new AVHRR method in O&SI- SAF ice cover product Include new AVHRR method in O&SI- SAF ice cover product

19. 19http://saf.met.noSAF on Ocean and Sea Ice Collaboration Visiting scientist opportunities Visiting scientist opportunities Can be found on EUMETSAT web page Can be found on EUMETSAT web page New projects can be proposed New projects can be proposed A way to cooperate internationally A way to cooperate internationally Previous visitors/visits: Previous visitors/visits: University of Bremen (1-2), NIC (3), CIS (1), University of Dundee (1) University of Bremen (1-2), NIC (3), CIS (1), University of Dundee (1) International Ice Charting Working Group International Ice Charting Working Group Cooperation agreements with NIC and CIS on validation Cooperation agreements with NIC and CIS on validation Scientific coordination Scientific coordination