1. CHAPTER 2: ROAD TO INDEPENDENCE SECTION 1: FOUNDING THE AMERICAN COLONIES

2. AMERICAN SETTLEMENTS FRENCH --Fur Trade Quebec, Canada—Trading Post Mississippi River & Louisiana DUTCH—New Amsterdam-NYC Trading Colony/Ports SPANISH-- Catholic Missions Santa Fe, NM-Protect Territory

3. VIRGINIA COLONY VA Joint Stock Company gets charter—goal is profit Jamestown-first permanent English settlement in North America—1607

4. VIRGINIA COLONY Starvation/Clashes with Indians/No Gold John Smith-- leader  forced settlers to farm John Rolfe -->Tobacco=Cash Crop

5. Virginia Government Land-Owning colonists got the right to elect Burgesses--Representatives vote on laws 1 st Legislature

6. PILGRIMS Group given land in VA colony—to come and worship freely Mayflower lands at Plymouth in New England (MA) Mayflower Compact—Set up Civil Government

8. Massachusetts Founded by Puritans—Capital Boston Adult male owns property & church member could vote Barred other faiths

9. Connecticut 1 st written Constitution--1639

10. Rhode Island Puritan Minister--Roger Williams founder--1644 Policies of Religious toleration Safe place for dissenters

11. New York England takes over in 1664—Desire for Wealth Given to Duke of York Commercial Port

12. Pennsylvania William Penn—1680 Quakers fleeing persecution Holy Experiment of Toleration & Equality

13. Maryland Catholic—Lord Baltimore Act of Toleration—right of Catholics & Protestants to worship freely

14. Carolinas King Charles gave colony to court members Colonists push for greater role in gov’t ↓ Splits Carolina in 1729

15. Georgia Last Colony founded—1733 Place for English Debtors to make a fresh start Military buffer from Spain

16. SECTION 2: LIFE IN COLONIAL AMERICA “COLONIES AS DIFFERENT AS FIRE & WATER”

17. COLONIAL SECTIONS NEW ENGLAND— NH, MA, CT, RI Fishing, Ships, Timber: Boston=Business MIDDLE—NY, PA, NJ, DE Farming  NYC/PHILLY (Ports)  Diversity SOUTH—MD, VA, SC, NC, GA Small Farmers/Plantations

19. Great Awakening Religious Revival in the 1730s & 1740s New England & Middle Colonies ↓ Effect was greater Religious & Political Freedom; Belief in Equality

21. EDUCATION & THE PRESS Education valued—First Colleges (Ivy League) Closely related to religion Press—Right & Responsibility to print the truth

22. Government in Colonies Colonies changed into Royal Colonies ↓ Direct British (largest trade empire) Control ↓ Mercantilism Trade Laws (only buy British goods & export through Britain) ↓ Colonists Resistance (Smuggling)