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Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. AtomsMoleculeCell OrganelleMacromolecule CELLULAR LEVEL N H O N C H O C 0.2 µm 0.5 µm O d: © Dr. Donald Fawcett & Porter/Visuals Unlimited e: © Lennart Nilsson/Albert Bonniers Förlag AB 1
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Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Tissue Organ 100 µm ORGANISMAL LEVEL Organ systemOrganism f: © Ed Reschke i: © Getty RF 2
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PopulationSpecies POPULATIONAL LEVEL CommunityEcosystemBiosphere Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. i-j: © Getty RF; 1.1k-l: © Volume 44/Getty RF; m: © Steve Harper/Grant Heilman Photography, Inc.; n: © Robert and Jean ollock; o: NASA 3
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Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Sunlight at midday Well Height of obelisk Distance between Cities = 800 km Distance between Cities = 800 km Light rays parallel a Length of shadow Length of shadow a 4
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Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Predictions Question Hypothesis 5 Experiment 2Experiment 3Experiment 4 Experiment Potential hypotheses Remaining possible hypotheses Last remaining possible hypothesis Hypothesis 1 Hypothesis 2 Hypothesis 3 Hypothesis 4 Hypothesis 5 Hypothesis 2 Hypothesis 3 Hypothesis 5 Observation Modify hypothesis Reject hypotheses 2 and 3 Reject hypotheses 1 and 4 Experiment 1 Predictions confirmed 5
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Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Woodpecker Finch (Cactospiza pallida)Large Ground Finch (Geospiza magnirostris)Cactus Finch (Geospiza scandens) 6
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Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Human CatBatPorpoiseHorse 7
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Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. HumanRhesusDog 040302010605070 Number of Amino Acid Differences in a Hemoglobin Polypeptide FrogBird 8
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Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. a: © Alan L. Detrick/Photo Researchers, Inc.; b: © DAVID M. DENNIS/Animals Animals – Earth Scenes; c: © Volume 46/Corbis RF; d: © Corbis RF; e: © Mediscan/Corbis; f: © Volume 15/Photodisc/Getty RF; g: © Corbis RF; h: © Tom Brakefi eld/Corbis; i: © Volume 44/Photodisc/Getty RF; j: © Volume 64/Corbis RF; k: © T.E. Adams/Visuals Unlimited; l: © Douglas P. Wilson/Frank Lane Picture Agency/Corbis; m: © R. Robinson/Visuals Unlimited; n: © Kari Lounatman/Photo Researchers, Inc.; o: © Dwight R. Kuhn; p: © Alfred Pasieka/Science Photo Library/Photo Researchers, Inc. Bacteria Archaea Animalia Fungi Protista Plantae Eukarya 10
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