1. AFRICA & the MIDDLE EAST Part V

2. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 2

3. 3 Africa Verify documentation & advisories  www.voyage.gc.ca www.voyage.gc.ca Northern Africa Deserts, oases, Islamic Morocco, Mali, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Ethiopia Middle East Israel, Palestine, Jordan, Saudi, Lebanon, Bahrain, United Arab Emirates Mecca – Muslims only

4. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 4 Africa West Africa Senegal, Gambia, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria Central Safari Belt Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tanzania, Kenya, Rwanda, Uganda Central Victoria Falls region Zambia, Zimbabwe Southern Africa South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, Lesotho, Swaziland Islands Seychelles, Madagascar, Mauritius, Azores, Canary, Madeira, Cape Verde

5. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 5 Landforms Deserts Sahara, Kalahari, Sinai Bodies of water Atlantic, Indian, Mediterranean, Red Sea Black, Caspian, Persian Gulf, Arabian, Suez, Dead  Rivers Nile, Jordan, Congo, Gambia, Niger, Zambezi  Victoria Falls  Lakes Victoria, Tanganyika, Malawi, Chad  CAUTION SWIMMERS: bacteria, pollution & sharks

6. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 6 Mountains Atlas Mountains 2400km Morocco, Algeria & Tunisia Mt. Kilimanjaro  Highest in Africa 5800 m Great Rift Valley 5000km 30 – 100km wide Syria - Mozambique

7. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 7

8. 8 Climate North of equator South of equator – seasons reversed Elevation Higher – cooler North Africa – dry year round Rainy seasons  Coastal areas predominately  Storms & hurricanes

9. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 9 Travelling within Different standards from Canada Road conditions changing Vehicles often old models Public transportation unreliable Taxis – expensive Car & driver recommended BEST OPTIONS  Escorted tours & safaris  Blue Train  Cruises

10. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 10

11. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 11 Travel Tips Africa is a travel bargain Poverty is prevalent in most countries Begging is aggressive and common Punishment for breaking of laws is usually severe Clothing must be conservative when visiting shrines, temples and mosques Ask before taking photos Always reconfirm flights in person

12. Copyright © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Limited 12 Travel Tips Health conditions  See family physician before leaving  IAMAT - http://www.iamat.org/ http://www.iamat.org/  AIDS prevalent Sunscreen and insect repellent necessary