1. Latin America in the Age of Revolution, Independence, and Imperialism An Anthology

2. Latin American Revolutions

3. LA Revolution: Causes Anger of laboring class at oppressors –Haiti: Slave Rebellion –Mexico: Grito de Delores (Hidalgo’s mestizo revolution) Creole resentment of political power of Peninsulares –South America: Bolivar and San Martin –Mexico: Iturbide Republican ideas inspired by American Revolution –South America: Bolivar and San Martin Liberal ideas inspired by Enlightenment, French Rev –South America: Bolivar and San Martin Tumult caused by the wake of the Napoleonic Wars –Brazil: Dom Pedro

4. LA Revolution: Events Haiti –Toussaint L’Overture –Napoleon’s Failed Expedition Mexico –“Grito de Delores” –Iturbide’s Creole Revolution

5. LA Revolution: Events Spanish South America –Bolivar and San Martin Brazil –Napoleonic Wars –Dom Pedro

6. LA Revolution: Effects Haiti –1st and only black slave Republic Mexico –Conservative government Spanish America –Importance of liberal ideals Brazil –Conservative monarchy Observation –Haiti is the lone example of major social change - All other groups preserve the racial caste system

7. Latin America Mini- SEPTIC

8. Social and Economic Class Divisions –Creole vs. Mestizo –Urban Elite vs. Gauchos Gender Roles –Persistence of Patriarchy –Public Education of women Agriculture –Persistence of the hacienda: patron and peonage Trade –Development of the export economy

9. Political Conservative v. Liberal –Conservative: Defender of Catholic Church, military, landed elites, and oligarchy –Liberal: Separation of church and state, educated urban elite, and republican government Centralism v. Federalism –Centralists: Tended to be liberals wanting to promote reforms or prevent local abuses –Federalists: Tended to be conservatives who wanted to promote stability by tolerating local control of everything except the military

10. Political Caudillos –Military dictators demonstrate the power of armies to intervene in Latin American politics Economic Imperialism –British domination of Latin American trade –Spanish-American War –Panama Revolution and Canal

11. Technology, Intellectual, Cultural Transportation –Railroads and steamships: the development of the export economy Literature Cultural Blending –Music –Football (Soccer to you American dopes)

12. Case Study: Mexico

13. Mexico “Grito de Delores” –Native and mestizo revolution Iturbide –Creole revolution

14. Mexico Santa Anna –Rise of the Caudillo Mexican-American War –U.S. imperialism

15. Mexico Benito Juarez –La Reforma French Intervention –Cinco de Mayo Porfirio Diaz –“Order and Progress”

16. Case Study: Brazil

17. Brazil Dom Pedro –Establishment of conservative monarchy

18. Brazil Coffee Boom –Slave labor unable to cover the demand for workers Foreign Immigration –Especially Italians migrate to Brazil Abolition –Eventually, enough internal and external pressure is put on Brazil that ends slavery

19. Brazil Republic –Disenfranchised groups unite to overthrow the monarchy and establish a new government

20. Case Study: Argentina

21. Argentina San Martin –Idealistic Creole Revolutionary

22. Argentina Juan Manuel de Rosas –Conservative, federalist, gaucho caudillo

23. Argentina Domingo Sarmiento –Liberal reformer, centralist, defender of culture, promoter of foreign trade