1. Inland Wetlands Alternate Names: Marshes, bogs, swamps Presented by: VC and AMB

2. Location land whose soil is saturated with moisture common on floodplains along rivers and streams in isolated depressions surrounded by dry land along the margins of lakes and ponds in other low-lying areas

3. Climate No characteristic climate Temperatures vary greatly depending on the location of the wetland. Amount of rainfall a wetland receives depends upon its location Factors: plant community, soil, longitude and latitude

4. Plant Adaptation spongy tissues, called aerenchyma adventitious roots above the anoxic zone prop roots with pores arrowheadcommon cattailyellow lotus

5. Animal Adaptation specialized gills or other organs to increase the uptake of oxygen from water or to use it more efficiently build dams that may flood large areas dig holes that retain water during the dry season Spider crabNorth American beaverAmerican alligator

6. Soil and Chemical Cycling Soil – poorly drained, alluvial and floodplain, low pH Good water quality and replenishes goundwater Nutrients – carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and phosphorus, sulfur Origin: Plants and runoff water

7. Economic Value filtering capabilities for intercepting surface water runoff maintain stream flow during dry periods and replenish groundwater lowers flood heights and reduces erosion control floods and prevents water-logging of crops many animals and plants depend on wetlands for survival

8. Human Disturbance hydrologic alterations in wetland ex. deposition of fill material for development pollutants causing wetland degradation ex. runoff from urban, agricultural, silvicultural, and mining areas impair wetland vegetation ex. grazing by domestic animals