1. 4.1 Define Ecology
4.1 Define Species.
4.1 Define population
Define population ecology
4.1 Define community
Define community ecology
4.1 What does an ecosystem include?
4.1 What is the difference between a species and a population?

2. 4.1 What is the difference between a population and a community?
4.1 What does ecosystem ecology study?
4.1 What is the biosphere?
What do scientists that study ecology at the biosphere level examine?
4.1 Describe the difference between biotic and abiotic factors.
4.1 Define habitat.
Define ecosystem.
What is the difference between them.
4.1 Define what a resource is.
How do resources affect population growth?

3. 4.2 What are the three main terms scientists use to describe populations?
4.2 What increase a population’s size?
4.2 What decreases a population’s size?
4.2 Why do scientists use sampling to estimate the size of a population?
4.2 Describe how to perform random sampling.
4.2 Describe the mark and recapture method of population sampling.

4. 4.2 Define population density.
4.2 What are the three types of population distributions?
4.2 How are population distributions in nature typically arranged?
4.2 Describe clumped distribution.
4.2 Describe Random distribution.
4.2 Describe uniform distribution.

5. 4.2 What is the difference between density and distribution?
4.2 What are age structure diagrams?
4.2 What are age structure diagrams used to predict?
4.2 How can high population density be helpful to a population?
4.2 How can high population density be harmful to a population?
4.2 What will happen to a population made up mostly of individuals that are past reproductive age?

6. 4.2 How is a population’s size related to its’ well being?
4.2 What can you predict about a population with an age-structure diagram shaped like a pyramid?
4.2 Describe how you might use population distribution to find the sources of food or other resources used by a species.
4.2 Explain the significance of an age-structure diagram in which the bars are short along one side and long on the opposite side.
4.2 How is a population’s size related to its’ well being?

7. 4.3 What determines a population’s growth rate?
4.3 What is the growth rate equation?
Be able to use it.
4.3 What is natality?
4.3 What is mortality?
4.3 What does survivorship curves show?
4.3 Describe organisms mortality that have a type 1 survivorship curve.

8. 4.3Describe organisms mortality that have a type 2 survivorship curve.
4.3 Which type of survivorship curve describes populations whose mortality is highest at young ages?
4.3 What is immigration?
How does it affect the populations size?
4.3What is emmigration?
4.3 Define migration.
How does it affect a populations size?

9. 4.3 Describe exponential growth. 4.3 Describe logistical growth.
4.3 What is carrying capacity? Where is it on a graph?
4.3 How do limiting factors affect the populations size?
4.3 Which type of growth is shown most often in nature?
Why?
4.3 What are density dependent factors? Give an example.
What are density independent factors? Give an example.

10. 4.3 What is biotic potential?
How does it affect a population?
4.3 What is gestation time?
What is generation time?
How do these factors affect a population?
Lab: Describe how to perform Random Sampling
Lab: Describe how to perform mark and recapture.
Case Study: Why was the disappearance of the Golden Toad odd?
Case Study: Why did the Golden Toad’s population become decimated so quickly and eventually become extinct?