1. SOLIDARITY AND FINANCIAL DISCIPLINE IN THE EU Lecce 31 May 2013 Prof. Pietro Manzini University of Bologna

2. Solidarity in the EU Treaty Article 3, para 3 TEU The Union shall promote economic, social and territorial cohesion, and solidarity among Member States Article 4. para. 3 Pursuant the principle of sincere cooperation, the Union and the Member States shall, in full mutual respect, assist each other in carrying tasks which flow from the Treaty

3. Solidarity enforced in the economic policy chapter Article 122, para.2 TFEU Where a Member State is in difficulties or is seriously threatened with severe difficulties caused by natural disasters or exceptional occurrences beyond its control, the Council, on a proposal from the Commission, may grant, under certain conditions, Union financial assistance to the Member State concerned. The President of the Council shall inform the European Parliament of the decision taken.

4. The non-solidarity clause Article 125, par. 1, TFEU The Union shall not be liable for or assume the commitments of central governments, regional, local or other public authorities, other bodies governed by public law, or public undertakings of any Member State, without prejudice to mutual financial guarantees for the joint execution of a specific project. A Member State shall not be liable for or assume the commitments of central governments, regional, local or other public authorities, other bodies governed by public law, or public undertakings of another Member State, without prejudice to mutual financial guarantees for the joint execution of a specific project.

5. New solidarity Article 136, para. 3, (inserted) The Member States whose currency is the euro may establish a stability mechanism to be activated if indispensable to safeguard the stability of the euro area as a whole. The granting of any required financial assistance under the mechanism will be made subject to strict conditionality.

6. ESM 5° wheras: This Treaty and the TSCG are complementary in fostering fiscal responsibility and solidarity within the economic and monetary union. It is acknowledged and agreed that the granting of financial assistance in the framework of new programmes under the ESM will be conditional, as of 1 March 2013, on the ratification of the TSCG by the ESM Member concerned and, upon expiration of the transposition period referred to in Article 3(2) TSCG on compliance with the requirements of that article.

7. Art. 3(2) TSCG (Fiscal Compact) the budgetary position of the general government of a Contracting Party shall be balanced or in surplus (balanced budget rule)

8. Cyprus Case EU Solidarity: ESM will provide approximately €9 billion, and the IMF will contribute around €1 billion. Conditions: The Bank of Cyprus was recapitalized through a partial deposit/equity conversion of its uninsured deposits (over €100,000). A full bail-in of equity shareholders (shares were suspended); senior and junior bondholders was conducted with a conversion of the claims into equity

9. Synoptic table Solidarity rulesAssisted institution State responsibility Conditions Art. 122 Art. 125 Public Authorities Public Undertakings No EU Membership + “certain conditions” Art. 136 ESM Public AuthoritiesYes Strict conditionality + Compliance to balanced budget rule Art. 136 ESM Financial Institutions (trough MS) Yes Strict conditionality + Compliance to balanced budget rule + Depositors pay

10. What did we learn? Experience is a great teacher, but she sends in terrific bills Minna Antrim (1861-1950)