1. Mutations Foldable Fold 3 pieces of paper, so you have 5 layered flaps
Write “Mutations” on the top flap as a title

2. On each flap write: What is a mutation? Point Mutations
Chromosomal Mutations
Advantages/Disadvantages
Real Life Example

3. 1. What is a mutation?

4. (Inside) On Top Half of 1st Flap write:
Mutations- any change in DNA that may affect the expression of a gene
Proteins that produced as a result of mutations:
may fail to function
may change the phenotype of an organism
Mutations can be caused by mutagens.
Examples from the environment- UV light, chemicals, radioactive substances, X-rays

5. (Inside) On Bottom Half of 1st Flap:
Glue in the following picture & Label the following:
Strand D- DNA was mutated by UV light; circle the 5th base- it should be T but now is C
Strand H- mRNA is made from mutated DNA template during transcription; circle the 5th base- it should be A but now is G
Stand N- Polypeptide chain (amino acid sequence); circle the 2nd amino acid (THIS IS THE WRONG AMINO ACID!)
O- Mutation is seen here first; mutation causes no color pigment to occur
Flowers have no color!

6. 2. Point Mutations

7. (Inside) On Top Half of 2nd Flap write:
Point Mutations- a change in a specific base in the DNA that causes a “shift” in the reading frame  causes a change in codons

8. (Inside) On Bottom Half of 2nd Flap write:
TYPES Glue in the following picture & Label the following:
Circle the substitution that has occurred; next to the picture write: Substitutions occur when one base is changed
Circle the deletion that has occurred ; next to the picture write: Deletions occur when one base is removed or lost
(3) Circle the insertion that has occurred ; next to the picture write: Insertions occur when one base is added to a sequence of DNA

9. 3. Chromosomal Mutations

10. (Inside) On Top Half of 3rd Flap write:
Chromosomal Mutations- a change in a specific segment of the DNA  both positive and negative affects
cause a protein to malfunction
cause a different protein to be made

11. (Inside) On Bottom Half of 3rd Flap write:
TYPES Glue in the following picture & Label the following:
Color the segment of DNA that has been deleted; next to the picture write: Deletions occur when a segment of DNA has been removed
Color the segment of DNA that has been inverted; next to the picture write: Inversions occur when a segment of DNA has been flipped
Color the segment of DNA that has been translocated; next to the picture write: Translocations occur when a segment of DNA has moved to a different location on another chromosome
Color the segment of DNA that has been duplicated; next to the picture write: Duplications occur when another copy of a segment of DNA is made

12. 4. Advantages/Disadvantages of Mutations

13. (Inside) On Top Half of 4th Flap write:
ADVANTAGES
New forms of a trait
Drug resistance
Antibiotic resistance

14. (Inside) On Bottom Half of 4thFlap write:
DISADVANTAGES
Absence of a trait
Cancer
Diseases/Genetic Disorders
Sickle Cell Anemia

15. 5. Mutations in the Human Body

16. Examples of Disease that cause mutations
Sickle Cell Anemia
Next to picture: Explain the mutation