1. Chapter 7 Five Basic Sentence Types

2. Sentence Slots Subject / Predicate Predicate Intransitive BE Transitive

3. What’s the Pattern? Fish swim. A telephone is ringing. Jan snores loudly. The customer complained persistently. Carla must have enrolled rather early.

4. Type I: Intransitive Verb Sentence ends with: Verb or Adverbial modifier Tests Divide predicate into phrases If all phrases are ADVP = Intransitive Test for ADVP by substitution

5. Type I: Intransitive Verb NP + I.V. (+ optional ADVP) Intransitive or not? The bus stops here on Mondays. Becky stepped very cautiously into the street

6. Find the Type I Construction…

7. Diagramming (you) Stay__ downwind (you) Stay downwind

8. Treeing S NP VP (you) Stay downwind MVPADV (you) Stay downwind

9. What’s the Pattern? Jesse is outside. Her job interviews were yesterday. The reception will be at noon. Cheryl’s notebook must have been on the desk.

10. Type II: BE + Adv of Time/Place Sentence includes: Linking (BE) Verb AND Adverbial Complement (required) Complement = something that completes… Tests Is the Main Verb “BE”? Is “BE” followed by ADVP of time or place?

11. Find the Type II Construction…

12. Diagramming keys are under car Your the sofa Your car keys are under the sofa

13. Treeing S NP VP Your car keys are under the sofa MVPADVP

14. Type II: BE + Adv of Time/Place Are these Type II? I am here now! I am happy to be here. I must have been elsewhere yesterday. Classes go on all week all over the USA.

15. What’s the Pattern? Sheila is beautiful. Her parties are very lavish. She is becoming friendly. Your uncle (her husband) has seemed happier in the past.

16. Type III: Linking + Adj Subj Comp. Sentences contain: Linking Verb AND Subject Complement // Predicate Adjective Are these Type III? His cashmere sweater feels silky Pat looked surprisingly sad after her victory He looked as though he had been up all night Fred seems to be angry

17. Type III: Linking + Adj Subj Comp. Sentences contain: Linking Verb AND Subject Complement // Predicate Adjective Tests Is the MVP followed by ADJP? Is the MV “BE” or substitutable with “BE”? e.g. Appear, become, seem grow, feel, look, sound…

18. Find the Type III Construction…

19. Diagramming somethingcan seem \ plausible Something can seem so plausible at the time… so at the time

20. Treeing Something can seem so plausible at the time… S NP VP Something can seemat the time MVPADJP so plausible PP/ADVP

21. Type III: Linking + Adj Subj Comp. Are these Type III? Fred seems to be angry His cashmere sweater feels silky Pat looked surprisingly happy after his loss He looked as though he had been up all night

22. What’s the Pattern? Those men are football players The auction was a success Jennifer’s bedroom is becoming a jungle Jack and Jill remained friends after their tumble down the hill

23. Type IV: Linking + Nom Subj Comp Sentence contains: Linking Verb AND NP that complements the subject (NP 1 ) Tests Is the MVP followed by another NP? Does this NP refer to the same entity as the Subj? Is the MV “BE” or substitutable with “BE”? Can “may be classified as” substitute for the MV?

24. Type IV Constructions ?

25. Diagramming This is \ Lyle This is Lyle Complements the Subject

26. Treeing S NP 1 VP This is MVPNP 1 Lyle This is Lyle Pron.

27. Type IV: Linking + Nom Subj Comp Are these sentences Type IV? That paint is the right color The train disappeared into a tunnel Her carrot cake was a dreadful failure

28. What’s the Pattern? Dave threw the ball to George John saw Bill Three minnows were nibbling her toes Pecan pie enlivens any meal The man had bought a cake for dinner

29. Type V: Transitive Verb Sentence is constructed like this: NP 1 + V trans + NP 2 Subject = Actor Object = Receiver Tests for Direct Object: Who? What? ≠ NP 1

30. Type V Sentence…

31. Diagramming I hate | hour I hate happy hour happy Direct Object

32. Treeing S NP 1 VP I hate MVPNP 2 happy hour

33. Find the Type V Construction…

34. Comma Usage Never put a single comma between the Subject and Predicate or between the Verb and its complements Use two commas to set off anything that interrupts the Subject and predicate or the Verb and its complements

35. Diagramming Review NPs & VPs on flat lines Major break between Subject & Predicate Modifiers on slanted lines Subject Complement ADJPs go on main line after “\” Direct Objects go on main line after “|” \ Modifier NP 1 VP Modifier ADJP | Modifier NP 1 VP Modifier NP 2 Modifier

36. Coming Soon Real-life Revisions…