1. Long-Term Outcomes of Lumbar Posterior Apophyseal End-Plate Lesions in Children and Adolescents by Kosaku Higashino, Koichi Sairyo, Shinsuke Katoh, Shyoichiro Takao, Hirofumi Kosaka, and Natsuo Yasui J Bone Joint Surg Am Volume 94(11):e74 June 6, 2012 ©2012 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

2. Representative lateral radiographs and computed tomography (CT) scans of the posterior end- plate lesion in different stages (see text for details); see the posterior corner of each vertebral body (arrowheads). Kosaku Higashino et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2012;94:e74 ©2012 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

3. The skeletal maturity at the initial presentation is demonstrated. “C” stage was seen in three patients (mean age, 11.0 years); “A” stage, in fourteen patients (mean age, 14.3 years); and “E” stage, in seven patients (mean age, 17.0 years). Kosaku Higashino et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2012;94:e74 ©2012 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

4. This thirteen-year-old boy who played table tennis underwent surgical removal of the end plate of L4 (Fig. 3-A, arrow). Kosaku Higashino et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2012;94:e74 ©2012 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

5. This fourteen year-old boy who played baseball was treated conservatively. Kosaku Higashino et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2012;94:e74 ©2012 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

6. Histological examination of the surgical specimen from Case 2, taken when the patient was twenty-six years of age, showed the abnormal end plate with degeneration and some chondrocytes without a nucleus. Kosaku Higashino et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2012;94:e74 ©2012 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.