1. Economic Revolution and Sectional Strife Chapter 9

2. Entrepreneurial Spirit Factors of Production: “If movement and the quick succession of sensations and ideas constitute life, here one lives a hundred fold more than elsewhere; here, all is circulation, motion, and boiling agitation.” “Experiment follows experiment; enterprise follows enterprise, riches and poverty follow.”  economic system in which the means of production are controlled by private individuals/business

3. Another Revolution Affects America Manufacturing moved from homes and small workshops to factories –Power-driven machinery –Specialized workers Industrial Revolution –Social and economic reorganization Started in Great Britain –The major change in the US economy produced by people beginning to buy and sell goods rather than make them for themselves

4. Transportation Canals –1816  100 miles of canals –1831  3,300+ miles of canals Railroads –Began replacing canals in 1840s –1850 about 10,000 miles –1860 about 31,000 miles

5. IR in USA Embargo of 1807 & War of 1812 helped IR start in USA 1793 - established first textile mill in America 1813 - Francis Cabot Lowell, Nathan Appleton, and Patrick Tracy Jackson opened mills

6. Early Textile Loom http://www.b bc.co.uk/bite size/ks3/hist ory/industrial _era/the_ind ustrial_revol ution/revisio n/9/ http://www.bbc. co.uk/history/bri tish/victorians/la unch_ani_spinn ing_mill.shtml

7. The Lowell/Waltham System: First Dual-Purpose Textile Plant Francis Cabot Lowell’s town - 1814

8. Lowell in 1850

9. Lowell Mill

10. Starting for Lowell

11. Lowell Girls

12. Lowell Boarding Houses

13. Lowell Mills Time Table Average 11 hour work day (12+ hour day)

14. New England Dominance in Textiles

15. New England Textile Centers: 1830s

16. Two Economic Systems Develop North –Invested more money into manufacturing –Farms were more subsistence than profit- driven Climate prevented cash-crops from being profitable –Less demand for slavery South –Growth of cotton + cotton gin = “King Cotton” Plantation slave system spread and grew

17. Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin, 1791

18. Eli Whitney’s Gun Factory Interchangeable Parts* Rifle

19. Cumberland (National Road), 1811

20. Erie Canal System

21. Robert Fulton & the Steamboat 1807: The Clermont

22. Principal Canals in 1840

23. Inland Freight Rates Be careful reading the Y axis!