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snBENCH A Development and Run-Time Platform for Rapid Deployment of Sensor Network Applications Michael Ocean Azer Bestavros.

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Presentation on theme: "snBENCH A Development and Run-Time Platform for Rapid Deployment of Sensor Network Applications Michael Ocean Azer Bestavros."— Presentation transcript:

1 http://www.cs.bu.edu/groups/wing snBENCH A Development and Run-Time Platform for Rapid Deployment of Sensor Network Applications Michael Ocean Azer Bestavros & Assaf Kfoury & Adam Bradley Computer Science Department Boston University Basenets 2005: IEEE International Workshop on Broadband Advanced Sensor Networks October 3, 2005 / Boston, Massachusetts

2 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'052 Imagine a networked world of...... sensors, actuators, processors and storage, which is part of a shared physical infrastructure Not hard to imagine!

3 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'053 Sensorium Infrastructure @ BU Sensorium: A common space equipped with video sensors (VS) for ubiquitous recognition and tracking of activities therein Infrastructure:  Range of VS Elements  Programmable VS Network  Backend compute engines  Backend TByte storage  Mobile/wireless query units  Research Engineer

4 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'054 Sensoria: A Paradigm Shift  The proliferation of networked, embedded, and mobile digital video sensors requires a paradigm shift in many areas of CS to address: The unique spatio-temporal aspects of sensory (video) data acquisition, processing, representation, communication, storage, real-time indexing/retrieval, data mining The challenges of programming, QoS management and coordinated resource arbitration of sensory networks, which are both embedded and mobile  The other extreme in sensor networks research!

5 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'055 Sensoria: Example Deployments Assistive Environments e.g. for home/hospice/elder care/… Safety Monitoring e.g. in factories/daycare/hospitals/garages/subway… Intelligent Spaces e.g. for classrooms/meeting rooms/theaters/farms… Secure Facilities and Homeland Security Uses e.g. at airports/embassies/prisons/… People Flow/Activity Studies e.g. at retail stores/museums/…

6 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'056 snBench The Sensorium is the computer… Design/implement the programming and run-time infrastructure necessary for developers to specify and deploy truly distributed applications over a heterogeneous network of Sensing Elements (SEs) and of Computing Elements (CEs) What sensors could I use and what functionality do I get from them?

7 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'057 snBench: Goals  “Write Once, Run… Wherever”  Don’t program nodes… Program the network! Start with building blocks  Sensors  Stock algs (edge detect, face count, FFT) Glue together with high-level language  Conditionals, loops, functions Pretend the network isn’t there  “Single System Image”

8 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'058 snBench: Programming Cycle  Program Program specified by gluing together building blocks using SNAFU language  Compile SNAFU program is compiled to produce a plan of execution expressed in STEP  Map and Link STEP plans are decomposed in smaller dispatch-able STEPs which are linked  Load and Execute STEP plans are dispatched (i.e., loaded) into SXE execution environments

9 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'059 SNAFU: SNet Apps as FUnctions!  Functional specification language e.g., identify the face seen through camera 1 identify(facefind(snapshot(cam1)))

10 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'0510 SNAFU: SNet Apps as FUnctions!  Use “annotative” functions for constraints e.g., what streams can be “exposed” e.g., minimum acceptable resolution public(facecount(snapshot(private(cam1))))) facecount(resn(800x600x24b,snapshot(cam1)))

11 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'0511 SNAFU: Events as eval triggers  Events in time captured by “triggers” e.g., motion detected at night triggers email email(“security@bu.edu”, trigger( (motion(snapshot(cam2)) && (2am<NOW<4am)), snapshot(cam2)))

12 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'0512 SNAFU: “Do once” Trigger  “Wait until p becomes true to evaluate a” trigger(p,a)  do {} until (p) ; return (a) ;  Once fired, evaluation of trigger is complete Time Trigger P = True P = False

13 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'0513 SNAFU: Level Trigger  “As long as p is true re-evaluate a” level_trigger(p,a)  while(true) if (p) return (a);  Level triggers are persistent queries that return a stream of evaluations of “a” while “p” is true Time Trigger P = True P = False

14 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'0514 SNAFU: Edge Trigger  “When p becomes true re-evaluate a” edge_trigger(p,a)  while(true) if (p) {return(a); while(p) {}};  Edge triggers are persistent queries that return a stream of evaluations of “a” every time “p” transitions from false to true Time Trigger P = True P = False

15 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'0515 SNAFU: Annotating triggers  Level triggers could be made periodic This is an example of scheduling annotations period(100ms, level_trigger(motion?(cam1),snapshot(cam1)) )

16 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'0516 SNAFU: Accessing trigger results  Three “read” semantics: Non-blocking read - Last result is returned Blocking read - Wait for next result Fresh read - Wait for a “from scratch” result Trigger P = True P = False Time Non-blocking Blocking Fresh Read

17 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'0517 SNAFU: Trigger recursion  LAST_TRIGGER_EVAL Allows a trigger to access the value returned by the “last” evaluation of that trigger  The only form of recursion in SNAFU

18 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'0518 STEP: Sensorium Typed Exec Plan cam2 snapshot motion clock4am 2am << && trigger email “security@bu.edu” “Instruction Set Architecture” is a DAG email(“security@bu.edu”, trigger( (motion(snapshot(cam2)) && (2am<NOW<4am)), snapshot(cam2)))

19 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'0519 STEP: Sensorium Typed Exec Plan Notes:  “Evaluation” percolates up from leaf nodes toward roots.  Sensor nodes provide fresh data at all times.  Function nodes evaluate once then disable themselves.  Trigger nodes re- enable children for re- evaluation. cam2 snapshot motion clock4am 2am << && trigger email “security@bu.edu”

20 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'0520 STEP: XML Representation Serialized STEP tree represented using XML

21 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'0521 snBench: Runtime Setting SNAFU-to-STEP compiler SXE: Sensorium eXecution Environment SD: Service Dispatcher SD, SXE SXE SXE, Compiler

22 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'0522 Map, Link, and Dispatch SXE edge_trigger email “security@bu.edu” cam2 snapshot motion clock4AM 2AM << &&

23 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'0523 trigger email “security@bu.edu” Map, Link, and Dispatch SXE motion 2AM clock4AM << logical_and cam2 snapshot edge_trigger email “security@bu.edu” motion clock4AM 2AM << && cam2 snapshot

24 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'0524 Why snBench?  A Sensorium Research Catalyst Intrinsic research  Languages, type systems, compilers, graph algorithms, schedulers, QoS engines, naming, etc. to make the framework efficient/useful/flexible Extrinsic research  Accessible framework for developing distributed sensing applications in heterogeneous networks

25 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'0525 Intrinsic Research: Scheduling  Map & Link Challenges How did we arrive at this partitioning? How did we arrive at these assignments? SXE

26 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'0526 Scheduling: Processing Capacity SXE  Sensorium Resource Manager Keeps track of CPU loading conditions ?

27 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'0527 Scheduling: Network Capacity  Sensorium Resource Manager Keeps track of current metwork conditions SXE 100Mb/s 20% 512kb/s 75% 8Mb/s 95% 100Mb/s 40% ?

28 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'0528 Scheduling: Node Capabilities  Sensorium Resource Manager Keeps track of code availability SXE [empty] delta oflow motion email bodytrack facefind delta [empty] email motion delta snapshot ?

29 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'0529 Intrinsic Research: Scheduling  Scheduling amounts to a constrained graph embedding problem Difficult (NP-hard) Problem Approximations and heuristics

30 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'0530 Intrinsic Research: Scheduling Different programs may share STEP sub-graphs Examples: email(“security@bu.edu”, trigger((motion(snapshot(cam2)) && (2am<NOW<4am)), snapshot(cam2))) trigger( facerecognizer( trigger((motion(snapshot(cam2)) && (2am<NOW<4am)), snapshot(cam2)), facelibrary(“Azer Bestavros”)), email(“azer.wife@cs.bu.edu”, “He’s working late again.”))

31 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'0531 email(“security@bu.edu”, trigger((motion(snapshot(cam2)) && (2am<NOW<4am)), snapshot(cam2))) trigger( facerecognizer( trigger((motion(snapshot(cam2)) && (2am<NOW<4am)), snapshot(cam2)), facelibrary(“Azer Bestavros”)), email(“azer.wife@cs.bu.edu”, “He’s working late again.”)) STEP Scheduling: CSE Common Subexpression/Subgraph Elimination cam2 snapshot motion clock4AM 2AM << && trigger email “security@bu.edu” cam2 snapshot motion clock4am 2am << && trigger email “azer.wife@cs.bu.edu” trigger “He’s working late again” facerecognizer facelibrary “Azer Bestavros”

32 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'0532 Common Subgraph email(“security@bu.edu”, trigger((motion(snapshot(cam2)) && (2am<NOW<4am)), snapshot(cam2))) trigger( facerecognizer( trigger((motion(snapshot(cam2)) && (2am<NOW<4am)), snapshot(cam2)), facelibrary(“Azer Bestavros”)), email(“azer.wife@cs.bu.edu”, “He’s working late again.”)) STEP Scheduling: CSE Common Subexpression/Subgraph Elimination cam2 snapshot motion clock4AM 2AM << && trigger email “security@bu.edu” cam2 snapshot motion clock4am 2am << && trigger email “azer.wife@cs.bu.edu” trigger “He’s working late again” facerecognizer facelibrary “Azer Bestavros”

33 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'0533 email(“security@bu.edu”, trigger((motion(snapshot(cam2)) && (2am<NOW<4am)), snapshot(cam2))) trigger( facerecognizer( trigger((motion(snapshot(cam2)) && (2am<NOW<4am)), snapshot(cam2)), facelibrary(“Azer Bestavros”)), email(“azer.wife@cs.bu.edu”, “He’s working late again.”)) STEP Scheduling: CSE cam2 snapshot lights_are_on clock4AM 2AM << logical_and trigger email “security@bu.edu” cam2 snapshot lights_are_on clock4AM 2AM << logical_and trigger email “azers.wife@cs.bu.edu” trigger “He’s working late again” facerecognizer facelibrary “Azer Bestavros” Common Subexpression/Subgraph Elimination

34 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'0534 Intrinsic Research: Compilation  Program Optimization What to optimize?  STEP Node count?  Trigger count? let x = snapshot(cam2) in email(“security@bu.edu”, block(edge_trigger(motion(x) && (2am<NOW<4am), x))) let x = snapshot(cam2) in trigger( edge_trigger(motion(x) && (2am<NOW<4am), true), email(“security@bu.edu”, x))

35 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'0535 Intrinsic Research: Virtualization  What if we can’t run SXE on a node?  STEP: as a virtual ISA Embedded C dialects? Java ME?  Alternate linking protocols Serial (base station) SN wireless protocols (e.g. 802.15.4)

36 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'0536 Intrinsic Research: Expressive PL  Better Programming Languages  Alternate Execution Environments STEP SNAFU SnQL SnLOG SnC SXE J2ME Native C JXTA

37 September 3, 2005Overview of snBench @ Basenets'0537 snBench: Status  Skeleton of snBench is done Basic SNAFU-STEP compiler Basic STEP dispatcher Basic SXEs for  Video sensor nodes  Berkeley Motes (temperature, etc.)

38 http://www.cs.bu.edu/groups/wing snBENCH A Development and Run-Time Platform for Rapid Deployment of Sensor Network Applications Azer Bestavros Assaf Kfoury & Adam Bradley & Michael Long Computer Science Department Boston University Basenets 2005: IEEE International Workshop on Broadband Advanced Sensor Networks October 3, 2005 / Boston, Massachusetts

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