1. Unit 3 Geography Grade 6
Lesson 1:Maps

2. Standards MI: GLCE: Social Studies, MI: 6th Grade , Geography
G1 The World in Spatial Terms: Geographical Habits of Mind  Describe and study the relationships between people, places, and environments by using information that is in a geographic (spatial) context. Engage in mapping and analyzing the information to explain the patterns and relationships they reveal both between and among people, their cultures, and the natural environment. Identify and access information, evaluate it using criteria based on concepts and themes, and use geography in problem solving and decision making. Explain and use key conceptual devices (places and regions, spatial patterns and processes) that geographers use to organize information and inform their study of the world.  G1.1 Spatial Thinking Use maps and other geographic tools to acquire and process information from a spatial perspective.Grades 6 & 7
 6 – G1.1.1 Describe how geographers use mapping to represent places and natural and human phenomena in the world.
G1.2 Geographical Inquiry and Analysis Use geographic inquiry and analysis to answer important questions about relationships between people, cultures, their environment, and relations within the larger world context.
 6 – G1.2.3 Use data to create thematic maps and graphs showing patterns of population, physical terrain, rainfall, and vegetation, analyze the patterns and then propose two generalizations about the location and density of the population.
 6 – G1.2.4 Use observations from air photos, photographs (print and CD), films (VCR and DVD) as the basis for answering geographic questions about the human and physical characteristics of places and regions.
 6 – G1.2.5 Use information from modern technology such as Geographic Positioning System (GPS), Geographic Information System (GIS), and satellite remote sensing to locate information and process maps and data to analyze spatial patterns of the Western Hemisphere to answer geographic questions.
 6 – G1.2.6 Apply the skills of geographic inquiry (asking geographic questions, acquiring geographic information, organizing geographic information, analyzing geographic information, and answering geographic questions) to analyze a problem or issue of importance to a region of the Western Hemisphere.
G1.3 Geographical Understanding Use geographic themes, knowledge about processes and concepts to study the Earth.

3. Standards
 6 – G1.3.1 Use the fundamental themes of geography (location, place, human environment interaction, movement, region) to describe regions or places on earth.
 6 – G1.3.2 Explain the locations and distributions of physical and human characteristics of Earth by using knowledge of spatial patterns.
 6 – G1.3.3 Explain the different ways in which places are connected and how those connections demonstrate interdependence and accessibility.
G2.2 Human Characteristics of Place  Describe the human characteristics of places.
 6 – G2.2.1 Describe the human characteristics of the region under study (including languages, religion, economic system, governmental system, cultural traditions).
G3.2 Ecosystems Describe the characteristics and spatial distribution of ecosystems on the Earth’s surface.
 6 – G3.2.2 Identify ecosystems and explain why some are more attractive for humans to use than are others (e.g., mid-latitude forest in North America, high latitude of Peru, tropical forests in Honduras, fish or marine vegetation in coastal zones).
G4.3 Patterns of Human Settlement  Describe patterns, processes, and functions of human settlement.
 6 – G4.3.2 Describe patterns of settlement by using historical and modern maps (e.g., coastal and river cities and towns in the past and present, locations of megacities – modern cities over 5 million, such as Mexico City, and patterns of agricultural settlements in South and North America).
G5 Environment and Society  Explain that the physical environment is modified by human activities, which are influenced by the ways in which human societies value and use Earth’s natural resources, and by Earth’s physical features and processes. Explain how human action modifies the physical environment and how physical systems affect human systems.  G5.1 Humans and the Environment Describe how human actions modify the environment.
 6 – G5.1.1 Describe the environmental effects of human action on the atmosphere (air), biosphere (people, animals, and plants), lithosphere (soil), and hydrosphere (water) (e.g., changes in the tropical forest environments in Brazil, Peru, and Costa Rica).

5. Objectives
Calculate the population density of the United States if the entire world's population were placed within it.
Analyze a population density map of the United States to explore how people are unevenly distributed across the Earth.
Shade a world map predicting where the areas of greatest population density are located.
Explore regional and national population statistics through maps and data.
As we begin our new unit on population and migration; let’s pause and reveiw

6. Migration https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uqDwvuleRYc
Published on Mar 22, 2012
Each fall the 5th generation of Monarchs from the eastern United States and Canada migrate up to 3500 miles to an area near Mexico City in the mountains at about 10,000 feet and settle down for the winter months. Their congregation amounts to about 300 million butterflies. These Monarchs settle in the same trees as their great, great grandparents did the year before. They do not feed and live off the fat they collected on the trip from flowers. In the spring they begin to mate, produce eggs, and they leave the site for the north. They lay their eggs on the way to produce progeny and die before reaching their original home. How they make this trip to the same site each year is one of the world's great mysteries.
As we begin our new unit on population and migration; let’s pause and look at animal migration to give us an idea of what migration is.

9. Vocabulary
In this unit you will be working as demographers as you study population trends and issues.

10. Connecting Back
In your Global Investigator’s notebook, write the answer to the following questions:
About how many people live on Earth?
Discuss responses. Remind them of the global village. Currently there are about 7 billion people

11. Current Population Clock
ck.html
In your Global Investigator’s Notebook:
Write down the current population of the world and the United States

12. Questions for You
Do you think that the world is overpopulated? Why or Why not?
How do you define the term “overpopulated” when you answered this question?
Do you think that other students defined it in the same way? Why or Why not?

13. What Would Be The Indications That The World Is Overpopulated?
If it isn’t overpopulated, how many people do you think the Earth can support?

14. Question For You
Could the entire population of the world fit in the United States?
How could we find out?
In order to answer this question, you would need to know the area of the United States and divide it by 7 billion. Demographers… your title today… refer to this as calculating population density

15. Vocabulary

16. Objective: Calculate Population Density: 2’ by 5’ Blue Area
The dimensions of this region is 2’ by 5’
Calculate the dimensions of the area.
I need 10 volunteers to stand inside the region and distribute yourselves as equally as possible inside the parameters of the blue area.
To calculate population density, of the region, you would divide the population __ by the area __ = the population of the region ______________
Note to calculate the dimensions multiply length by width. 2x5=10 square feet. __________ 10 divided by 10 = 1 person per square foot

17. Population Density Probe
3,550,000 is the approximate area of the United States in square miles
Use this figure to calculate the population density of our country if all 7 billion people were placed in it.
Round off your calculation,
Write your answer in your Global Investigator's Notebook
The population density would be approximately 2000 people per square mile.

18. Is 2000 People per Square Mile “crowded”?
The population density of New York City, the largest city in the United States is approximately 26,000 people per square mile.
Important note:
The entire population could fit not only the United States, but in Texas and even Rhode Island.

19. Challenge
Calculate the population density for one state. Using 2000 people per square mile Alaska 285 people per square mile.

20. Why Does Population Density Matter?
Jot your thoughts down in your Global Investigator’s Notebook.
Then turn and discuss your ideas with your neighbor.
Examples to contemplate:
How might living in a crowded place affect your quality of life?
How might the number of people in a region affect how available resources are?
Prompting examples: What other things might living in a crowded area cause? What problems may develop when many people live in a small area? How might the amount of garbage they produce affect how they live?

21. Living in the United States
Would people be able to live in every square mile of the United States?
If not, why?
Mountainous places, deser places, and very cold places like some parts of Alaska may not sustain poeople.

22. Objective: Analyze a Population Density Map of the United States to Explore How People Are Unevenly Distributed
Demographers study not only the population density of a region, but also population distribution

23. Draw 2 conclusions about the population of the united States based on the map and write them in your GLN.

24. Responses to Map
The average population density of the U.S. is about 88 people per square mile.
Some areas of the U.S. are much more densely populated than others. There are more people in the eastern United States than the western U.S. Coastal areas are heavily populated. There are areas of the U.S. where the population density is less than 1 person per square mile.

25. Review https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ff5a5 M_S2w8
What were the features that we just studies that either block or provide opportunities for humans? Think back to what you learned about the physical characteristics of Earth in unit 2. How might those characteristics impact population density and population distribution.

26. Activity to Meet Objective: Shade a World Map Predicting Where The Areas of Greatest Population Density Are Located
Work with a partner to discuss where you think the population is most densely populated in the world. Shade the areas of the world map that you think would have the highest population denistiies. Pass out colored pencils and crayons

27. Compare this map to the one you shaded
Compare this map to the one you shaded. Identify specific places with high population densities and make inferences regarding why this might be true. Example, the coastal areas of South America are more densely populated. Identify areas that are

28. Compare and Contrast
Identify specific areas with high population densities.
Inference why this might be true?
Identify areas of the Earth that are sparsely populated
Inference why might this be the case?
What types of natural features do you think people are most likely to settle near? Least likely to settle near?

29. What Other Factors Influence the Distribution of People Besides Geographic Features?
Economic factors such as availability or lack of jobs and political factors such as stability or instability of governments.

30. References for Population Densities By Region
More Developed Regions, following the UN classification, comprise all of Europe and North America, plus Australia, Japan, and New Zealand
All other regions and countries are classified as less developed.
The least developed countries consist of 48 countries with especially low incomes, high economic vulnerability, and poor human development indicators.
33 of these countries are in sub-Saharan Africa,
14 in Asia
1 in the Caribbean
Analyze the data and draw 2 conclusions about each region and write them on the worksheet.

33. Probing Questions Were there any surprises in the data? If so, what?
What does the data tell you about the country of Russia?
What does the data tell you about the country of Bangladesh?

34. Just as population density varies in different regions of the world, it also varies in different countries.

36. Locate and Label the 10 most populous countries.

37. Analyze the population density of Bangladesh
Analyze the population density of Bangladesh. This country currently as the greatest population density. What geographic features might be contributing to this high density? Next slide

38. Analyze the population of Mongolia. Next slide

39. How does the population density of Mongolia compare to that of Bangladesh? Mongolia is currently the country with the lowest population density. What geographic factors might be contributing to this low density?

40. Describe this map. Why is it so distorted
Describe this map. Why is it so distorted? This is a special kind of map called a ‘cartogram’
Next slide.

41. Vocabulary
A cartogram depicts the population of countries…not land area. Next slide

42. A cartogram depicts the population of countries…not land area.

43. This cartogram shows land area.

44. What Other Kind of Information Might a Cartogram Show?
Energy use
Energy use, wealth, religion

45. Revisit Population Clock
ck.html
In your Global Investigator’s Notebook:
Write down the current population of the world and the United States
Compare the numbers to the beginning of this lesson/unit.

46. Assessment: Exit Ticket
What are population density and population distribution?
Why do they matter?