1. PROMOTION OF BREAST FEEDING Presented by: Cindy Magirl, RN Eric Nelson, RN Tennille Sassano, RN Jennifer Vicarie, RN

2. Why is breast feeding important?

3. Benefits of Breast Feeding Video You tube.com

4. Objective Increase the percentage of breast feeding ever Educate mothers on importance of breast feeding google.com

5. Breastfeeding Report Card 2012 Infants ever breast fed 76.9% Infants breast fed at 6 months 47.2% Infants breast fed at 12months 25.5%

6. Healthy People 2020 Objective MICH-21: Increase the proportion of infants who are breastfed MICH-21.1Ever81.9% MICH-21.2At 6 months60.6% MICH-21.3At 1 year34.1% MICH-21.4 Exclusively through 3 months 46.2% MICH-21.5 Exclusively through 6 months 25.5% MICH-22: Increase the proportion of employers that have worksite lactation support programs. 38% MICH-23: Reduce the proportion of breastfed newborns who receive formula supplementation within the first 2 days of life. 14.2% MICH-24: Increase the proportion of live births that occur in facilities that provide recommended care for lactating mothers and their babies. 8.1%

7. Demographics Age Group Percent of Infants Ever breastfed*Any at 6 months Exclusively at 6 months**† *Ever fed breast milk. **Exclusive breastfeeding is defined as only human breast milk—no solids, water, or other liquids. †Data is for infants aged 6 months to 5 years. Those less than 6 months of age were excluded. Source: Health Resources and Services Administration, Maternal and Child Health Bureau and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, National Survey of Children’s Health. Unpublished data.Centers for Disease Control and PreventionNational Center for Health Statistics Total75.545.012.4 20 Years or Younger58.522.24.6 21-29 Years76.544.412.3 30 Years or Older79.851.214.1

8. Demographics Breastfeeding Among Children Aged 0-5 Years, by Maternal Education and Duration, 2007 Education Level Percent of Infants Ever breastfed*Any at 6 months Exclusively at 6 months**† *Ever fed breast milk. **Exclusive breastfeeding is defined as only human breast milk—no solids, water, or other liquids. †Data is for infants aged 6 months to 5 years. Those less than 6 months of age were excluded. Source: Health Resources and Services Administration, Maternal and Child Health Bureau and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, National Survey of Children’s Health. Unpublished data.Centers for Disease Control and PreventionNational Center for Health Statistics Total75.545.012.4 Less than High School68.137.810.4 High School67.933.49.2 More than High School81.752.314.4

9. Demographics

10. Social Determinants Women with higher family incomes Higher education levels Professional or executive occupations Foreign born Latino women Google.com

11. Pros Cons Protects babies Easier to digest Easily accept solid food Less ear infections & diarrhea Decrease risk of SIDS, diabetes, childhood leukemia, asthma, obesity Mothers bond with baby Formula cannot match exact composition of breast milk Comfort level Lifestyle Medical considerations Time commitment Fathers and siblings feel left out

12. Health of Mother Decrease chance of hemorrhage Delays return of menstrual cycle Requires mother to take time to relax and bond Decrease risk for diabetes, breast and uterine cancer, post partum depression, and osteoporosis Greater weight loss Google.com

13. Other Benefits Less expensive Better for environment Easier Less infant deaths Savings in medical costs

14. HEALTH BELIEF MODEL: Precede –Proceed Model-Breast Feeding HEALTH PROGRAM POLICY PREDISPOSING GENETICS REINFORCING ENABLING BEHAVIOR ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS HEALTH QUALITY OF LIFE

15. HEALTH BELIEF MODEL LIFE- STYLE ENVIRONMENT HEALTH QUALITY OF LIFE HEALTH EDUCATION MEDIA ADVOCACY POLICY REGULATIONS RESOURCES ORGANIZATION PREDISPOSINGREINFORCINGENABLING I Planning II Determinants III Educational and Environmental Development…Evaluation Risk Management Products

16. Possible Ways to Achieve Objective OB Gyn offices Healthy Lifestyles Women’s shelters Pregnancy Crisis Centers Pediatrician’s offices Prenatal classes Hospitals

17. Resources Obstetricians Pediatricians Office staff Healthy Lifestyles Handouts Media – DVD Classroom

18. Action Plan Tennille and Jennifer will teach 12 classes once weekly over 3 months Eric and Cindy will contact pediatric offices to retrieve data at the start of classes Compile data to see if objectives are being reached

19. Evaluation Pediatric check sheet Compare to Healthy People 2020 data

20. References Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2008). Breastfeeding in the United States: Findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2006. Retrieved from http: //www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db05.htm Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2012). Breastfeeding Report Card – United States, 2012. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/breastfeeding/data/reportcard.htm Dermer, Alicia. (2001, August). A well-kept secret breastfeeding’s benefits to mothers. New Beginnings, 18(4), 124-127. Harmon, Katherine. (2010, April 30). How breastfeeding benefits mothers’ health. Scientific American. Retrieved fromhttp://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=breastfee ding-benefits-mothers&page=2 Heck, Katherine E., Braveman, Paula, Cubbin, Catherine, and Chavez, Gilberto F. (2006, Jan-Feb). Socioeconomic Status and Breastfeeding Initiation Among California Mothers. E Journal of Public Health Reports, 121(1): 51-59. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1497787/

21. References Mcneill, Elisa. (n.d.). [Document] Precede-procede model (Green & Kreuter, 2005)-breast feeding application. Retrieved from mcneill.tamu.edu/hlkn%20415web/Precede- breastfeeding.doc Pender, Nola, Murdaugh, Carolyn, and Parsons, Mary A. (2011). Health promotion in nursing practice (pp. 74-76). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson. Sy Kraft. (2011, June 14). Moms guard against SIDS and breastfeed babies; formula won’t work. Medical News Today. Retrieved from http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/228457.php U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2010, August 4).Why breastfeeding is important. Retrieved from http://www.womenshealth.gov/breastfeeding/why- breastfeeding-is-important/

22. References U.S. Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, Maternal and Child Health Bureau. (2011). Child Health USA 2011. Retrieved from http://mchb.hrsa.gov/chusa11/hstat/hsi/pages/204b.h tml Whalen, Bonny. (2012, September 6). Dartmouth- Hitchcock. The Benefits of Breastfeeding. Podcast retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NDVvz_HQUME Yngve, Agneta and Sjostrom, Michael. (2001). Breastfeeding determinants and a suggested framework for action in Europe. Public Health Nutrition, 4(2B), 729-739. doi: 10.1079/PHN201164