1. CHAPTER 16: HUMAN GEOGRAPHY
RUSSIA
CHAPTER 16:
HUMAN GEOGRAPHY

2. RUSSIA & THE WESTERN REPUBLICS
SECTION 1:
RUSSIA & THE WESTERN REPUBLICS

3. SECTION 1 OVERVIEW:
HISTORY
ECONOMICS
CULTURE/MODERN LIFE

4. History

5. HISTORY Early Rulers: Slavs 2. Vikings 3. Tatars (Mongol invaders)
4. Czar Ivan the Great
-expanded Russia’s territory
-created diversity: lang. & religions
Russia Falls Behind:
Territory growth, but lacked science and technology
Czar Peter the Great
Moved capital from _______ to _________
St. Petersburg
Moscow

6. HISTORY Rise Fall and of Communism
1. Russian Revolution (Bolshevik) in 1917
Slow to industrialize/dragged into war = bad economy = angry people
2. Lenin led Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
3. Russian gvt. overthrown (end of czars)
4. USSR (Soviet Union) was born
5. Capital moved back to Moscow
, Joseph Stalin became leader
7. WWII
8. Cold War = nuclear arms race
Duck and Cover
9. Gorbachev gives freedom to satellite nations
10. Soviet Union collapses in 1991
11. Russian Federation
Fall

7. Economics

8. Economics Command Economy Theory by Karl Marx
Gvt. controlled everything
Soviets created collective farms
Joseph Stalin was responsible for 14 mil. deaths
Goal:
Industrialization
Unity
Wealth for all
Results:
Selective industrialization
Conflict b/t people and gvt.
Wealth for a few

9. What do you think this is a picture of?

10. Culture

11. Culture Ethnicity Religion Art diverse due to expansion
Russian’s = largest
Religion
Mostly Orthodox Christianity
Islam, Buddhism, Judaism
Art
Art reflects Orthodox religion
Onion-shaped domes with images of important religious figures (icons)
Under Soviets
Socialist realism = art that promoted Communism
Freedom after Soviet Union collapses

12. Culture
Dachas
Banya

13. QUICK CHECK RAISE YOUR HAND WHEN YOU KNOW THE ANSWER:
An emperor of Russia was called a
czar
Czar Ivan the Great was known for:
Regaining control of Russia and expanding Russian territory
Czar Peter the Great was known for:
Moving the capital to St. Petersburg to encourage modernization
Starvation during Soviet control was often caused by these
Collective farms

14. SECTION 2:
TRANSCAUCASIA

15. SECTION 2 OVERVIEW
History
Economics
Culture/Modern Life

16. History

17. History Cultural-Crossroads Conflict Foreign Control
Trade routes b/t _________ & _______
Connect Black and Caspian Seas
Migration allowed for diversity
“Mountain of Language”
Many religions: mostly Christian or Islam
Conflict
Many cultures = tension
Foreign Control
Czar rule
USSR = famine b/c of __________ _______
Independence = struggle
Asia
Europe
Collective Farms

18. Economics

19. Economics Variety of Industries Caspian Debate for 5 countries
-Began with agriculture
-Fruits, tea, grapes
-Georgian wine (tourism)
-USSR promoted industrialism
-Oil is most important industry
Caspian Debate for 5 countries
Sea
Each country gets resources from portion of seabed they own
Lake
Wealth from lake is divided equally among all 5

20. Caspian Sea? Lake?
Sea
Lake

21. Culture

22. Culture Education Traditions High literacy rate due to Soviet control
WHY?
Created skilled workers needed for industrialism
Traditions
Georgian Supra

23. QUICK CHECK THUMBS UP FOR TRUE / THUMBS DOWN FOR FALSE:
CULTURAL DIVERSITY IN TRANSCAUCASIA IS DUE TO TRADE ROUTES BETWEEN BLACK & CASPIAN SEAS
THUMBS UP!

24. SECTION 3:
CENTRAL ASIA

25. SECTION 3 OVERVIEW
History
Economics
Culture

26. History

27. History Cultural Crossroads
Silk Road made a trade route from Med. Sea to China
___________ ideas, technology, and religion
Diffused

28. Economics

29. Economics Nuclear Testing Oil
Econ. based on nuclear industry of Soviets
Serious health issues resulted
Oil
Caspian reserves
Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan
Competition for profits

31. Culture

32. Culture Soviet Legacy Language & Religion
Carved 5 nations based on ethnicity
Left a large minority
Why?
Tensions b/t groups kept them busy (ignored Soviets)
Language & Religion
Unity is maintained by language and religion
Islam is majority
Turkish
Many speak Russian…why?
Soviet enforced

34. Culture Nomads Yurts Traditions Grassland lead to nomadic life, why?
Seasons change, must migrate for food source
Soviets forced collective farms = fewer nomads
Yurts
Portable tents made from animal hide
Decorative interior
Traditions
Nomadic families take in tourist to preserve lifestyle

35. YURT

36. QUICK CHECK RAISE YOUR HAND WHEN YOU KNOW THE ANSWER:
What are the two unifying cultural factors?
Religion and language
The major points of the Silk Road were China and the ________________ _____
Mediterranean Sea