2.  Acid – a compound that produces ions when dissolved in  Examples:  Vinegar –  Lemon juice –  Ant venom –

3.  taste   Turns litmus paper  Reacts with metals to form gas  solutions of acids are (must be mixed with water!)  Reacts with to form and

4.  Sugar, corn syrup, modified corn starch, citric acid, tartaric acid, natural and artificial flavors, yellow 5, yellow 6, red 40, blue 1  What ingredients make these… so sour?

5.  Base – a compound that produces ions when dissolved in  Examples:  Milk of Magnesia – neutralizes stomach acid  Drain cleaner–

6.  taste   Turns litmus paper  solutions of bases are (must be mixed with water!)  Reacts with to form and

7.  Use the same rules as for ions (name the cation, then name the anion)  NaOH   Ca(OH) 2   KOH 

8.  An acid must contain a and ionize in water to produce  An base must contain a and dissociates in water to produce

9.  Classify each of the following as an Arrhenius acid (A – acid) or base (A – base).  Ca(OH) 2   HBr   H 2 SO 4   LiOH 

10.  A Bronsted – Lowry is any substance that can a

11. Neutral[H + ]=[OH - ] Acidic[H + ]>[OH - ] Basic[H + ]<[OH - ]

12. pH is < 7Solution is acidic pH is = 7Solution is neutral pH is > 7Solution is basic

14.  [H + ] are often small, so the pH scale is easier to use to represent acidity and basicity.  pH range is from to

15.  If [H 3 O + ] = 1.0 x 10 –5 M, what is the pH?  Is the solution basic, neutral, or acidic?

16.  If [H + ] = 0.00089M, what is the pH?  Is the solution basic, neutral, or acidic?

17.  Given that a solution has a pH of 3.97, determine the [H + ].

18.  Similar to pH, there is also pOH.  Because [H + ] x [OH - ] =

19.  If [OH - ] = 6 x 10 –12 M, what is the pOH?  What is the pH?  Is the solution basic, neutral, or acidic?

20.  What is the pH and the pOH for 5.5 x 10 –7 M HF?  pH  pOH

21.  Given that a solution has a pH of 9.0, determine the [OH - ] and the pOH.  pOH  [OH - ]