1. Learning Target 6. Recognize the type of daughter cells formed through mitosis and their chromosome number as compared to the parent cell. 1-1

2. 1-2 Chromosome Number Each species has unique chromosome #  no relationship to complexity Diploid--2n  2 copies of each chromosome (1/Mom & 1/Dad) (Homologous pairs) All somatic cells (body cells) are 2n Haploid--1n  1 copy of each chromosome (either Mom’s or Dad’s) Only gametes (sperm/eggs) are 1n

3. 1-3 Mitosis (Animal Cells) After “S” phase replicates DNA Division of nucleus ONLY ! chromosome # stays constant Centromere divides  each chromatid becomes a daughter chromosome M checkpoint-stops if chromosomes not aligned Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase

4. 1-4 Prophase 5 “events”  memorize them! 1.Chromatin coils  chromosomes appear 2.Nucleolus disappears 3.Nuclear membrane disappears 4.Centrioles & asters appear  move to opposite poles of cell 5.Spindle fibers appear 1.Polar fibers  centriole to centriole 2.Kinetochore fibers  centriole to centromere

5. 1-5

6. 1-6 Metaphase Kinetochore fibers push chromosomes to middle of cell

7. 1-7

8. 1-8 Anaphase Kinetochore fibers separate  break centromeres  pull chromatids to opposite poles of cell Characteristic “V” shape

9. 1-9

10. 1-10 Telophase Reverse of Prophase

11. 1-11

12. 1-12 Mitosis—Plant Cells Mitosis in plant cells Same phases as animal cells Plants don’t have centrioles or asters

13. 1-13

14. 1-14 Cytokinesis Cytoplasm divides after mitosis Animals  Cleavage “furrow” (edges in) Plants  Cell Plate (center out) Mitosis animation: http://www.sumanasinc.com/webcontent/anisamples/majorsbi ology/mitosis.html http://www.sumanasinc.com/webcontent/anisamples/majorsbi ology/mitosis.html http://vcell.ndsu.edu/animations/mitosis/movie-flash.htm

15. 1-15 Image found 11/29/4 on https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcT5zNgamn0R-M0Lufaxzvr5aXdjNYL1fb7lelcyz6w4Wwc7PEsTFQhttps://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcT5zNgamn0R-M0Lufaxzvr5aXdjNYL1fb7lelcyz6w4Wwc7PEsTFQ

16. 1-16 Mitosis in Prokaryotes Asexual reproduction (Binary Fission)  Cloning 2 identical daughter cells Single DNA strand duplicates  cell elongates, pinches in half

17. 1-17 Benefits of Mitosis Genetically identical daughter cells Take advantage of good conditions rapidly Algal blooms