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CLOSING ARGUMENT Rhetoric and the art of persuasion.

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1 CLOSING ARGUMENT Rhetoric and the art of persuasion

2 WHAT IS RHETORIC?  Rhetoric is the effective use of language and the art of persuasion.  Three types of rhetorical appeals:  Logos—Logic  Pathos—Emotion  Ethos—Ethics EDIT: This organizer can be shaped and rearranged in any number of combinations. Please adhere to the color hierarchy when placing the shapes. EDIT AND PRODUCTION: Color Order: For charts with ordered, tiered, or other groups of information, such as this slide, the order is: Primary, 1st: Blue Secondary, 2nd: Orange Tertiary, 3rd: Green Quaternary, 4th: Purple Quinary, 5th: Red PathosEthos Logos

3 ETHOS Has to do with convincing the audience that the writer or speaker is a good person with strong ethics.  Though the town does not agree with this case, the town generally respects Atticus as a lawyer.  He is known for being dedicated to truth and justice.  He is also one of the most educated people in Maycomb.

4 LOGOS Is an appeal to the audience’s logic or intellect. Ex. “The State has not produced one iota of medical evidence that the crime Tom Robinson is charged with ever took place.” Atticus ask the jury to logically consider that there is no medical evidence to confirm there was a rape. A doctor was never called.

5 PATHOS Is an appeal to the audience’s emotions. Ex. “…restore this man to his family.” These are family men. Atticus is asking them to consider

6 YOUR MISSION With your partner, read through the closing argument again. Atticus wants to convince the jury bring back a verdict of not guilty. Identify one appeal to logos (the intellect of the jury) Identify one appeal to pathos (the emotions of the jury)

7 THE CLOSING ARGUMENT https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C841wEogE4U https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-x6njs-cGUE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8MmtVx1A8BAhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C841wEogE4U https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-x6njs-cGUE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8MmtVx1A8BA

8 DISCUSSION Was it easier to identify rhetorical appeals while watching the closing argument or reading it? Why?

9 FINAL THOUGHT Atticus states, “This case is as simple as black and white.” What does Atticus mean? How do you interpret this statement?

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