7. Li Be N Ne Li N Ne Be

9. Li Be N NeLi Be N Ne

23. The Chemical Families 1. Metals  Groups 1-12 plus 10 more elements  Lustrous – Shiny “metallic” appearance  Solids at room temperature – except mercury (Hg)  High melting points and high densities  Malleable (able to be hammered into shapes)  Ductile (able to be drawn into wire)

24. The Chemical Families 2. Alkali Metals  Group 1 (except Hydrogen)  Soft, silver-colored metals  Lower densities than other metals  One loosely bound valence electron in outer shell  Highly reactive, especially with the halogens

25. The Chemical Families 3. Alkaline Earth Metals  Group 2  Soft, silver-colored metals  Two valence electrons in the outer shell

26. The Chemical Families 4. Transition Metals  Groups 3-12  Very hard metals  High melting and boiling points  High electrical conductivity  Malleable

27. The Chemical Families 5. Metalloids  Semiconductors  B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te  Possess some characteristics of metals and some of nonmetals  Intermediate conductors of heat and electricity under certain conditions

28. The Chemical Families 6. Nonmetals  Found in Groups 13-18, and Hydrogen  Gain electrons easily  Poor thermal and electrical conductors  Brittle solids  Little or no metallic luster, various colors

29. The Chemical Families 7. Halogens  Group 17  Seven valence electrons (only one short of a stable octet)  Highly reactive, especially with alkali metals and alkaline earth metals

30. The Chemical Families 8. Noble Gas  Group 18  Do not react easily with other elements  Complete valence shell (stable octet)  Low boiling points (all gases at room temperature)

33. Period # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Group # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 1 2 (# of valence electrons) 3 4 5 6 7 8 Alkali Metals Alkaline Earth Metals Transition Metals Other Metals Metalloids Nonmetals Halogens Nobel Gases