1. Cartilage and Bone VIBS 443/602

2. OBJECTIVES GENERAL ORGANIZATION MECHANISM OF GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF CELLS

3. CELLS OF CT FIBROBLASTS MESENCHYMAL CELLS and RBC ADIPOSE CELLS MACROPHAGE PLASMA CELLS MAST CELLS and WBC CHONDROBLASTS CHONDROCYTES OSTEOBLASTS OSTEOCYTES OSTEOCLASTS

4. TYPES OF CARTILAGE FIBROCARTILAGE HYALINE CARTILAGE ELASTIC CARTILAGE

8. primary spongiosa of the Fetal finger 220

9. Fetal elbow 194

10. Fetal elbow 194

11. Tibia, fetal

12. Trachea, monkey 133

13. EM 11: cartilage 1.Chondrocyte 2.Fibroblast 3.Appositional growth region 4.Type I collagen 5.Type II collagen Appositional growth of cartilage

14. EM 13: cartilage interstitial growth of chondrocytes 1.2 daughter chondrocytes resulting from interstitial growth 2.Rough endoplasmic reticulum interstitial growth of cartilage

15. HYALINE CARTILAGE EPIPHYSEAL PLATE, RESPONSIBLE FOR LONGITUDINAL GROWTH OF LONG BONES

16. cartilage growth in endochondral bone formation of the Fetal finger 220

17. OSTEOCLAST OSTEOBLAST

18. OSTEOCLAST OSTEOBLAST

19. Elastic cartilage in pina of ear #19762 Elastic cartilage Connective tissue epithelium Connective tissue epithelium Elastic cartilage

20. FIBROCARTILAGE INTERMEDIATE BETWEEN DENSE REGULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE AND HYALINE CARTILAGE NO PERICHONDRIUM

21. Fibrocartilage of Fetal elbow 194 Fibrocartilage

22. Fibrocartilage of Fetal elbow 194 Fibrocartilage

23. Fibrocartilage of Fetal elbow 194 Fibrocartilage

24. Fetal finger – fibroblasts in tendon 220 Fibrocartilage Tendon

25. endochondral bone formation

26. CELLS OF BONE OSTEOBLASTS - SECRETE OSTEOID - BONE –EXPAND BONE BY APPOSITIONAL GROWTH OSTEOCYTE = OSTEOBLAST TRAPPED IN MATRIX OF BONE

27. EM 12: osteoblast adjacent to osteoid; bone; RER and Golgi 1.Rough endoplasmic reticulum 2.Golgi 3.Osteoid 4.Nucleus of osteoblast APPOSITIONAL GROWTH

28. CELLS OF BONE

29. FUNCTIONS OF BONE CALCIUM REGULATION Parathroid hormone (BONE RESORPTION) Calcitonin (PREVENTS RESORPTION) These HORMONES are INVOLVED IN TIGHT REGULATION as 1/4 OF FREE CA ++ IN BLOOD IS EXCHANGED EACH MINUTE. HEMOPOIESIS

30. COMPACT BONE HAVERSIAN SYSTEMS - LAMELLAE OF BONE AROUND HAVERSIAN CANAL LINKED BY VOLKMANN’S CANAL

32. COMPACT BONE REMODELING Over time

33. COMPACT BONE REMODELING

35. Slide 121: compact bone (unstained ground bone) 1.Blood vessel 2.Haversian canal 3.Interstitial system 4.Lacuna

36. Bone (unstained) 425

37. Bone (unstained) 425

38. Bone, rabbit femur 121

39. Bone, rabbit femur 121

40. Bone, rabbit femur 121

41. Tibia, fetal

42. Osteoblasts in the Fetal jaw 195

43. Osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and osteocytes in Fetal jaw 195 osteocytes osteoclasts osteoblasts

44. Rib

45. How many Osteoclastsof Fetal finger can you spot? Osteoclasts

46. ENDOCHONDRAL (SPONGY/ CANCELLOUS) BONE FORMATION CARTILAGE MODEL CENTERS OF OSSIFICATION PRIMARY CENTER OF OSSIFICATION DIAPHYSIS SECOND CENTER OF OSSIFICATION CENTER OF EACH EPIPHYSIS

47. cartilage growth in endochondral bone formation of the Fetal finger

48. Articular surfaces of hyaline cartilage of the Fetal elbow 194

49. HISTOGENESIS OF BONE INTRAMEMBRANOUS OSSIFICATION FLAT BONES OF SKULL

50. SKELETAL CONNECTIVE TISSUE

58. 32583

64. Polychromatic normoblast