1. BAT3O / BTX4C

2. Definition: A computer is an electronic machine that 1) takes in data and instructions (input) 2) works with the data (processing) 3) puts out information (output)

3. Computers are made of HARDWARE… input devices like the keyboard and mouse the CPU and memory storage devices like hard drives output devices like printers and monitors

5. The Motherboard Processor (or CPU) Memory (ROM and RAM) Storage (Hard Drive)

7. The “heart” of the computer Largest and most fundamental component Every other component is attached Components use motherboard to communicate and work with each other

8. Made up of a series of slots, sockets, connectors Memory, accessory cards, and CPU installed directly Drives and peripherals communicate with motherboard through wired connections

10. CPU stands for “Central Processing Unit” The “brains” of the computer Coordinates and communicates with other components and performs the “thinking” “Thinking” is actually mathematical calculations Software translates calculates into useful functions

11. Types of memory RAM: Random Access Memory ROM: Read-Only Memory

13. Found on motherboard usually in 1, 2, or 4slots Store information, temporarily, for short term use by the CPU (ex. Files being used at a given time) Can be both read and written The contents of RAM are lost when the power is turned off

14. Most commonly used to store system-level programs that we want to have available to the PC at all times (start-up programs) Can only be read, unlike RAM (read / write) The values stored in ROM are always there, whether the power is on or not

16. Like a filing cabinet: programs and data are stored on hard disk and computer accesses them as needed When computer accesses hard drive, it is reading and moving stored information into RAM memory Original file is still on hard disk and only updated when file is saved

17. RAMHard Drive MemoryStorage Real DesktopFiling Cabinet Temporary StoragePermanent Storage Content disappears when power- off Content remains when power-off Smaller Amount (128 MG – 4 GB)Larger Amount (20 GB – 1 TB)

18. Bit Byte Kilobyte Megabyte Gigabyte Terabyte!!!

19. The smallest unit of information on a computer Computers use binary to work with data Either a ‘0’ (off) or ‘1’ (on)

20. Amount of memory to store 1 ‘character’ A byte is a group of 8 bits that are arranged to represent a ‘character’. Example: “01000001” is a capital letter ‘A’

21.  “Kilo” means “thousand”  Kilobyte (KB) is approximately 1000 bytes  A Kilobyte is enough memory to store 1000 characters

22. Megabyte (MB): approximately 1,000,000 bytes (1 million bytes) Gigabyte (GB): approximately 1,000,000,000 bytes (1 billion bytes) OR 1,000 Megabytes And introducing… Terabyte (TB): approximately 1,000,000,000,000 bytes (1 trillion bytes)

23. Average amount of memory required… Document: 10KB – 100KB Picture: 100KB – 5MB Song: 3MB – 8MB

24.  A new computer today will generally come equipped with between 1GB and 4GB of RAM, and a Hard Drive between 20GB and 1TB But…  A computer back in 1998 came equipped with only 128MB of RAM and a 2GB Hard Drive

25. … and SOFTWARE a general term used to describe a collection of computer programs, procedures and documentation that perform some tasks on a computer system

26. Application Software Microsoft Office, Paint, Notepad, Calculator, etc How the user communicates with the computer Operating System Windows, Unix, DOS, etc How application software communicates with the hardware of the computer